Lithium ion battery waste cathode piece recycling method

A technology for a lithium ion battery and a recycling method, which is applied in the field of supercritical fluid extraction method for recycling waste cathodes of waste lithium ion batteries, can solve the problems of consuming large chemicals, high processing equipment, and difficulty in realizing large-scale processing capacity.

Inactive Publication Date: 2018-11-02
苏州威星能源科技有限公司
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

Among them, the chemical metallurgical method adopts a series of processes such as mechanical crushing, acid-base leaching, impurity removal, and extraction. This process is difficult to achieve large-scale processing capacity
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Method used

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  • Lithium ion battery waste cathode piece recycling method

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0019] Deep discharge the 18650 lithium cobalt oxide battery to below 2.4 V, then disassemble the battery case in a nitrogen glove box, take out the pole piece and soak it in propylene carbonate solvent for 12 hours, so that the electrolyte and lithium salt in the pole piece can be fully diffused into the solvent; then take out the pole piece and dry it under vacuum at 100°C for 12 hours, disassemble the positive electrode waste piece without electrolyte, transfer it to a supercritical extraction device, use DME as the supercritical solvent, and set the temperature to 100°C, the pressure was set at 5 MPa, and after 4 hours of supercritical extraction, the PVDF in the positive electrode waste was completely extracted, and then the PVDF was collected in the separator of the supercritical equipment, and the remaining positive electrode waste and aluminum foil were peeled off each other; The separator separates aluminum foil and positive electrode waste (mixture of lithium cobalt o...

Embodiment 2

[0021] Deeply discharge the ternary polymer lithium battery to below 2.4 V, then disassemble the battery case in an argon glove box, take out the pole piece and soak it in diethyl carbonate solvent for 24 hours to make the electrolyte and lithium salt in the pole piece Fully diffuse into the solvent; then take out the pole piece and dry it in vacuum at 150°C for 12 hours, disassemble the positive electrode waste piece without electrolyte, transfer it to a supercritical extraction equipment, use acetone as the supercritical solvent, and set the temperature to Set at 230°C, set the pressure at 7 MPa, and after supercritical treatment for 6 hours, the PVDF in the positive electrode waste was completely extracted, and then PVDF was collected in the separator, and the remaining positive electrode waste and aluminum foil were peeled off each other; Separate the aluminum foil and positive electrode waste (ternary material and conductive carbon powder mixture).

Embodiment 3

[0023] Deep discharge the soft-pack lithium iron phosphate battery to below 2.0 V, then disassemble the battery case in an argon glove box, take out the pole piece and soak it in dimethyl carbonate solvent for 24 hours, so that the electrolyte and lithium salt in the pole piece Fully diffuse into the solvent; then take out the pole piece and dry it in vacuum at 80°C for 12 hours, disassemble the positive electrode waste piece without electrolyte, transfer it to a supercritical extraction equipment, use ethanol as the supercritical solvent, and set the temperature to Set the temperature at 210°C and the pressure at 20 MPa. After 6 hours of supercritical treatment, the PVDF in the positive electrode waste is completely extracted, and then the PVDF is collected in the separator, and the remaining positive electrode waste and aluminum foil are peeled off each other; Separate aluminum foil and positive electrode waste (lithium iron phosphate material and conductive carbon powder mix...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for recycling polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), aluminum and cathode wastes (a mixture of active substances and conductive carbon powder) in waste battery cathode piecesof lithium ion batteries by virtue of a supercritical fluid extraction process. The method comprises the following steps: firstly disassembling cathodes of the lithium ion batteries, soaking in an organic solvent, taking out, carrying out drying treatment, and obtaining cathode pieces which do not contain electrolyte; then carrying out supercritical extraction treatment on the treated cathode pieces, namely dissolving a binder PVDF in the cathode pieces into a supercritical fluid, and extracting and separating the binder PVDF; mechanically separating remaining aluminum foils and the cathode wastes which lose cohesiveness and are mutually stripped; and directly taking the separated cathode wastes as a raw material for producing a lithium ion battery cathode material. The method disclosed by the invention does not use an acid-base fluid to treat electrodes or carry out high-temperature incineration, so that chemical waste liquor or toxic waste gas is not produced; and by virtue of the supercritical extraction treatment way, the recycled aluminum foils, PVDF and cathode wastes can be directly taken as the raw material to be recycled, so that the method has the advantages of economy,high efficiency and environmental friendliness.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to a supercritical fluid extraction method for recovering the positive electrode waste of lithium-ion waste batteries, in particular to a supercritical fluid extraction method for recovering polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), aluminum and positive electrode waste in the positive electrode waste of lithium-ion waste batteries (active material and conductive carbon powder mixture) method. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of lithium-ion battery technology, lithium batteries have begun to be widely used in the field of new energy electric vehicles. According to statistics from the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers, the output of new energy vehicles reached 340,500 in 2015, and the sales volume was 331,100. It is estimated that the sales of new energy vehicles in my country will reach 800,000 in 2017. With the development of new energy vehicles, the demand and scrapping of vehicle power batteri...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M10/54
CPCH01M10/54Y02W30/84
Inventor 刘永飞林君正刘爱芳周冰倩
Owner 苏州威星能源科技有限公司
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