Method for extracting silicon, aluminum and various rare and precious rare earth metals by activating solid waste with plasma

Abstract

The invention particularly discloses a method for extracting silicon, aluminum and various precious rare earth metals by activating solid waste with plasma. The involved precious metals mainly comprise rare earth and rare and precious metals contained in other raw materials. By taking any substance containing sodium salt or sylvite as an auxiliary agent, silicon and aluminum solid waste is activated under the action of the plasma so that composited silicon and aluminum crystalline phases in the solid waste are separated, the various rare and precious rare earth metals bound in the silicon andaluminum crystalline phases migrate to the surface of a solid phase. A solid phase product treated by the plasma is damaged by ball milling and other mechanical force and then mixed with water, and mass transfer is strengthened by ultrasonic sound, mixing, microwave or heating and the like or any combination thereof, and a water-soluble product is transferred to a liquid phase. An obtained solid and water mixture is subjected to multistep pH value adjustment and filter operation, so that three products, namely, a solid material with high silicon content, an aqueous solution with high aluminumcontent and a solid product containing the rare and precious rare earth metals are obtained. The various rare and precious rare earth metals is obtained when the pH value of a solution environment adjusted between 1-5 and between 5-13.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of solid waste treatment, in particular to a method for extracting silicon, aluminum and various rare and rare earth metals from solid waste by plasma activation. Background technique [0002] my country's bulk solid waste output is huge, and there is an urgent need to solve its environmental and ecological pressures and its high-quality resource utilization, which can be linked to many industries such as minerals, environmental protection, new energy, and new materials. The traditional use of solid waste consumes a lot of ash, but its economic value is low and its use is limited. It is mainly concentrated in the fields of construction cement raw materials, foundation engineering fillers, agricultural soil improvement, waste water, and waste gas treatment. Special uses include hollow microbead extraction, refractory materials, and synthetic zeolite. Solid waste is expected to become its new secondary high-quality res...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The rare earth extraction process involves three steps of mining, decomposition and purification and refining. The common problems include high temperature and high energy consumption, large water consumption, acid-base and strong pollution additives, producing a large amount of waste water and waste residues, and associated radioactive "thorium" pollution waste residues, which are very harmful to the environment. Strong Pollution Feature

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