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A nano silicon-carbon composite material and a preparation method and application thereof

A technology of carbon composite materials and nano-silicon, applied in the direction of nanotechnology, nanotechnology, nanotechnology for materials and surface science, etc., can solve the problems of difficult formation of stable SEI film, impact on battery performance, additive consumption, etc., to achieve Effects of improving electrochemical performance, improving electrical conductivity, improving conductivity and buffering performance

Active Publication Date: 2019-01-08
ZHEJIANG UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0009] Although the above research directions can improve the cycle life of silicon-based anodes, it is still a huge challenge to realize the simple and large-scale preparation of silicon-based materials.
In addition, unlike graphite negative electrodes, HF in the electrolyte has a corrosive effect on silicon, and it is difficult to form a stable SEI film on the surface of silicon-based negative electrodes. However, in the prior art, additives are often used in the electrolyte to form SEI films. Additives will affect battery performance, too little additives will be gradually consumed during use

Method used

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  • A nano silicon-carbon composite material and a preparation method and application thereof
  • A nano silicon-carbon composite material and a preparation method and application thereof
  • A nano silicon-carbon composite material and a preparation method and application thereof

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0057] Commercial crude silicon was ball-milled at 480r / min for 10 hours, washed with 0.1mol / L hydrochloric acid, and then heat-treated at 600°C for 3 hours in an argon atmosphere to preliminarily crush and purify the crude silicon; Coarse silicon and magnesium powder are mixed uniformly according to the molar ratio of silicon and magnesium of 1:2.04, and heat treated in an argon atmosphere at 650°C for 5 hours to obtain a magnesium silicide alloy; place the magnesium silicide alloy obtained above in a magnetic boat, and place polypropylene In another magnetic boat, wherein the weight ratio of polypropylene and magnesium silicide is 0.5:1, put the two magnetic boats in a tube furnace, heat up to 800°C under an argon atmosphere, and then heat-treat in an argon atmosphere at 800°C After 20 hours, cool naturally to room temperature to obtain a silicon-carbon nano-composite material; the above-mentioned gained nano-silicon-carbon composite material is mixed with fluorinated graphen...

Embodiment 2

[0079] Commercial crude silicon was ball-milled at 480r / min for 10 hours, washed with 0.1mol / L hydrochloric acid, and then heat-treated at 600°C for 3 hours in an argon atmosphere to preliminarily crush and purify the crude silicon; Coarse silicon and magnesium powder are mixed uniformly according to the molar ratio of silicon and magnesium of 1:2.06, and heat-treated in an argon atmosphere at 550°C for 15 hours to obtain a magnesium-silicon alloy; place the magnesium silicide alloy obtained above in a magnetic boat, and place polyethylene In another magnetic boat, wherein the weight ratio of polyethylene and magnesium silicide is 1:1, put the two magnetic boats in a tube furnace, heat up to 750°C under an argon atmosphere, and then heat-treat in an argon atmosphere at 750°C After 30 hours, cool naturally to room temperature to obtain a silicon-carbon nanocomposite material; mix the nano-silicon-carbon composite material obtained above with fluorinated carbon fiber, wherein the...

Embodiment 3

[0084] Commercial crude silicon was ball-milled at 480r / min for 10 hours, washed with 0.1mol / L hydrochloric acid, and then heat-treated at 600°C for 3 hours in an argon atmosphere to preliminarily crush and purify the crude silicon; Coarse silicon and magnesium powder are mixed uniformly according to the molar ratio of silicon and magnesium of 1:2.02, and heat-treated in an argon atmosphere at 600°C for 10 hours to obtain a magnesium-silicon alloy; the magnesium silicide alloy obtained above is placed in a magnetic boat, and polyethylene is placed In another magnetic boat, wherein the weight ratio of polyvinyl chloride and magnesium silicide is 2:1, the two magnetic boats are placed in a tube furnace, and the temperature is raised to 850 ° C under an argon atmosphere, and then heated at 850 ° C in an argon atmosphere Heat treatment for 15 hours, and naturally cool to room temperature to obtain a silicon-carbon nanocomposite material; mix the nano-silicon-carbon composite materi...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a nanometer silicon-carbon composite material and a preparation process thereof, and an application of the nanometer silicon-carbon composite material as a negative electrode material in a lithium ion battery. The nano-silicon-carbon composite material has a multi-stage structure, wherein the nano-silicon particles are taken as a core, the amorphous carbon is taken as an intermediate cladding layer, and the carbon fluoride is taken as a shell. The above preparation proces, Nano-silicon was prepared by simple alloying and de-alloying of low-cost crude silicon and magnesium powder. In the process of de-alloying, magnesium silicide and polymer pyrolysis were used simultaneously, and nano-silicon-carbon and carbon fluoride were combined by physical ball milling to prepare nano-silicon-carbon composite. The SiC nanocomposites prepared by the above method have high capacity, high first Coulomb efficiency and excellent cycle performance. The method has the advantages of simple process, low energy consumption, and is favorable for industrial production.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage batteries, in particular to a nano-silicon-carbon composite material and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] In recent years, the rapid development of new energy power generation has put forward new requirements for matching energy storage systems. In the replacement of energy storage batteries, lithium-ion batteries have become the focus due to their various advantages. It has been applied in a large number of energy storage projects and achieved certain results. [0003] The capacity of a lithium-ion battery depends on the active lithium ions of the positive electrode material and the ability of the negative electrode material to intercalate and remove lithium. The stability of the positive and negative electrodes in various environments affects the performance of the battery and even seriously affects the safety of the battery. , The performance of the ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/62H01M10/0525B82Y30/00
CPCB82Y30/00H01M4/366H01M4/386H01M4/625H01M4/628H01M10/0525Y02E60/10
Inventor 谢健张诗韵郭丽芬曹高劭赵新兵
Owner ZHEJIANG UNIV
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