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Treatment method of aluminum electrolysis cell waste fireproof material

A technology of refractory materials and aluminum electrolytic cells, which is applied in the field of metallurgy and the environment, can solve problems such as harmful effects on the environment around groundwater, and achieve the effect of low cost and simple process

Active Publication Date: 2019-01-15
NORTHEASTERN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, the waste refractory materials produced by the aluminum electrolysis industry have not been effectively recycled and processed, and are generally disposed of in landfills. However, because waste refractory materials contain a lot of harmful soluble substances such as electrolyte fluoride and sodium oxide , long-term stacking will have harmful effects on groundwater and the surrounding environment

Method used

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  • Treatment method of aluminum electrolysis cell waste fireproof material
  • Treatment method of aluminum electrolysis cell waste fireproof material
  • Treatment method of aluminum electrolysis cell waste fireproof material

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0052] A kind of processing method of waste refractory material of aluminum electrolytic cell, its processing technology is as follows figure 1 shown, including the following steps:

[0053] Take 200g of waste refractory materials from an aluminum electrolytic cell from an electrolytic aluminum plant, and the waste cathode anti-seepage material contains Al 2 o 3 29.81%, F6.88%, Ca 1.35%, Na 20.03%, SiO 2 41.21%. Grind the cathode anti-seepage material to a particle size below 120 mesh, calcinate 120g of calcium carbonate at a temperature of 1050°C for 2 hours to obtain calcium oxide, and then mix the pulverized waste refractory material with calcium oxide and aluminum powder evenly to form a pellet , the amount of calcium oxide added is 80g, the amount of aluminum powder added is 20g, the pellet making pressure is 60MPa, the diameter of the pellets produced is 30mm, and the height is 20mm. Put the prepared agglomerate into a reducing distillation tank, vacuumize to the re...

Embodiment 2

[0055] A kind of processing method of waste refractory material of aluminum electrolytic cell, its processing technology is as follows figure 2 shown, including the following steps:

[0056] Take 200g of waste refractory materials from an aluminum electrolytic cell from an electrolytic aluminum plant, and the waste cathode anti-seepage material contains Al 2 o 3 21.81%, F 5.18%, Ca 1.25%, Na 22.23%, K 3.03%, SiO 2 45.87%. Grind the cathode anti-seepage material to a particle size below 200 mesh, then mix the crushed waste refractory material with 100 g of calcium oxide and 25 g of aluminum powder to form a pellet. The agglomerate taken has a diameter of 30 mm and a height of 25 mm. Put the prepared agglomerate into a reducing distillation tank, vacuumize to the residual pressure in the tank of 20Pa, the reduction temperature is 1100°C, and the reduction time is 2h. After reduction, obtain the sodium-potassium alloy of 51g liquid state on the crystallizer, the X-ray diff...

Embodiment 3

[0058] A kind of processing method of waste refractory material of aluminum electrolytic cell, its processing technology is as follows image 3 shown, including the following steps:

[0059] Take 200g refractory bricks from the bottom of the cathode carbon block of an electrolytic aluminum plant. The refractory bricks are also corroded by the infiltrated electrolyte to be melted together with the anti-seepage material. The main component of the waste refractory bricks is Al 2 o 3 41.23%, F 3.81%, Na8.23%, SiO 2 45.87%. Crush the refractory bricks to a particle size of less than 0.75mm, then mix them with 100g of limestone and 10g of aluminum powder and make agglomerates at a pressure of 100MPa. The residual pressure is 100Pa, the reduction temperature is 1200°C, and the reduction time is 4h. After reduction, 16g of solid metal sodium was obtained on the crystallizer near the heating zone, and the distillation residue was mainly calcium oxide, calcium fluoride, aluminum o...

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Abstract

The invention provides a treatment method of an aluminum electrolysis cell waste fireproof material, and belongs to the technical field of metallurgy and environment. The treatment method specificallycomprises the following steps that the waste fireproof material and aluminum powder are mixed with calcium oxide / calcium carbonate according to ratio to form a mixed material, the mixed material is produced to be blocks with the block diameter being 10-30mm, heating distillation is conducted, fluoride in the waste fireproof material reacts with calcium oxide to generate insoluble calcium fluoride, meanwhile sodium oxide in the waste fireproof material is reduced to be metal sodium by aluminum and distilled out under the vacuum condition, accordingly conversion of fluoride and separation of the sodium element in the waste fireproof material are achieved, the purpose of harmless treatment of the waste fireproof material is realized, the sodium product is obtained, the technology is simple,the cost is low, and the treatment method can save energy and is environmentally friendly.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy and environment, and in particular relates to a treatment method for waste refractory materials of an aluminum electrolytic cell. Background technique: [0002] Aluminum is the second largest metal material after steel. The world's annual output of aluminum is 55-60 million tons, while my country is the world's largest producer of aluminum, with an annual output of about 32 million tons in 2017. Metal aluminum is all produced by molten salt electrolysis. The electrolytic aluminum device is mainly an electrolytic cell. Except for the cell shell and upper structure, the main materials for the internal masonry of the electrolytic cell are carbonaceous materials (mainly carbon cathode and tamping material), refractory materials (including anti-seepage material for the lower part of the cathode carbon block, refractory insulation bricks around the electrolytic cell, pouring cement, etc.) and cathod...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C22B7/00C22B26/10C01F11/22
CPCC01F11/22C22B7/001C22B26/10Y02P10/20
Inventor 王耀武狄跃忠彭建平
Owner NORTHEASTERN UNIV
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