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Method for synthesizing short, middle and long chain mixed fatty acid polyol ester through enzymatic method

A medium and long-chain fatty acid and mixed fatty acid technology is applied in the field of ester synthetic lubricants in synthetic lubricants, which can solve the problems of expensive raw material sources of polyol ester lubricants, low polyol ester efficiency, etc. The effect of improving low temperature performance and excellent viscosity-temperature performance

Active Publication Date: 2019-05-10
BEIJING UNIV OF CHEM TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem that the raw material source of polyol ester lubricating oil is expensive, and overcome the inefficiency of enzymatically synthesizing polyol ester with a single medium and long chain fatty acid, especially to overcome the problem of lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, etc. Long-chain saturated fatty acids with high melting point such as fatty acids cannot be directly esterified to polyol esters by biological enzymatic methods in a solvent-free system

Method used

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  • Method for synthesizing short, middle and long chain mixed fatty acid polyol ester through enzymatic method
  • Method for synthesizing short, middle and long chain mixed fatty acid polyol ester through enzymatic method

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0022] Mix 67.1 g of trimethylolpropane with 260.2 g of fatty acid (174.1 g of nonanoic acid, 86.1 g of capric acid, 2.1:1 molar ratio), the molar ratio of acid to alcohol is 3.1:1, add 50 g (about 15% reaction substrate) quality) lipase powder, the reaction temperature is 50 ° C, the stirring speed is 350 rpm / min, the dry air ratio introduced is 0.12 vvm, the reaction time is 120 h, the conversion rate of fatty acid is 93.81%, and centrifuged at 8000 rpm / min for 5 min to obtain a crude product , the triesters account for 92.10% of the feed liquid. The crude product is separated, purified and purified by molecular distillation. The distillation process conditions are as follows: the feed temperature is 50°C, the evaporator temperature is 155°C, the vacuum degree is 1mbar, the scraper rotation speed is 250rpm / min, and the purified triester content is 97.05%.

Embodiment 2

[0024] Mix 67.1g of trimethylolpropane with 274.3g of fatty acid (174.1g of nonanoic acid, 100.2g of dodecanoic acid, molar ratio 2.1:1), the molar ratio of acid to alcohol is 3.1:1, add 50g (about 15% reaction bottom) Substance amount) lipase powder, the reaction temperature is 50 ℃, the stirring speed is 350 rpm / min, the dry air ratio of feeding is 0.12vvm, the reaction time is 120h, the conversion rate of fatty acid is 93.35%, centrifuged at 8000rpm / min for 5min to obtain crude In the product, triester accounts for 91.21% of the feed liquid. The crude product was separated, purified and purified by molecular distillation. The distillation process conditions were as follows: the feed temperature was 50°C, the evaporator temperature was 175°C, the vacuum degree was 1mbar, the rotating speed of the scraper was 340rpm / min, and the purified triester content was 94.98%.

Embodiment 3

[0026]Mix 67.1g of trimethylolpropane with 288.3g of fatty acid (174.1g of nonanoic acid, 114.2g of tetradecanoic acid, mol ratio 2.1:1), the molar ratio of acid to alcohol is 3.1:1, add 50g (about 15% reaction bottom) Substance amount) lipase powder, the reaction temperature is 50 ℃, the stirring speed is 350rpm / min, the dry air ratio of feeding is 0.12vvm, the reaction time is 120h, the conversion rate of fatty acid is 92.34%, centrifuged at 8000rpm / min for 5min, to obtain crude In the product, triesters account for 88.66% of the feed liquid. The crude product was separated, purified and purified by molecular distillation. The distillation process conditions were as follows: feed temperature 50°C, evaporator temperature 210°C, vacuum degree 1mbar, scraper rotation speed 340rpm / min, and triester content after purification was 92.38%.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing short, middle and long chain mixed fatty acid polyol ester through an enzymatic method. Short-chain fatty acids (C5-C10) and middle and long chain fatty acids (C10-C22) which can be obtained from animal and plant base grease are mixed according to a certain proportion and catalyzed with polyhydric alcohols through lipase in a solvent-free system, an efficient and green reaction is carried out, the reaction conversion rate and selectivity of a substrate are high, water generated in the reaction process is taken away through dry air which is blown in, and no waste water or by-products are generated. Meanwhile, after a reaction is finished, the enzyme and the product are centrifuged at high speed and completely separated, and the enzyme can berecycled. According to the method, the problem that the efficiency for catalytic synthesis of polyol ester through the enzymatic method under a single middle-and-long-chain fatty acid solvent-free system is low, polyol ester cannot be synthesized through direct esterification of a biological enzyme method, and the cost of polyol ester is lowered. A polyol ester lubricating oil product obtained after distillation and purification is excellent in viscosity-temperature performance, the flashing point is high, low-temperature performance is improved compared with that of corresponding single middle and long chain fatty acid polyol ester, and the using requirement under different low-temperature environments can be met.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for synthesizing polyol ester by an enzymatic method, in particular to a method for synthesizing short, medium and long-chain mixed fatty acid polyol ester, and belongs to the field of ester synthetic lubricants in synthetic lubricants. Background technique [0002] With the development of society, the demand for lubricants in transportation, aerospace, industrial processing and other fields has increased year by year, and mineral-based lubricants still occupy the majority. However, with the aggravation of energy crisis and environmental crisis, mineral-based lubricants have low biodegradability, poor viscosity-temperature performance, and high volatility. More than 50% of waste lubricants directly enter the environment, which is difficult to explain for a long time. , is highly toxic to the environment. In addition, mineral-based lubricants have poor anti-friction properties, and workpiece wear severely reduces servi...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C12P7/64C12P7/62
Inventor 张栩张维郭朝陈必强谭天伟
Owner BEIJING UNIV OF CHEM TECH
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