Crystal type composite gel electrolyte and preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a crystal type composite gel electrolyte and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method is characterized by comprising the following steps that (1) gelatinizing components and soluble salt are added into water, stirring is carried out to complete dissolution to form a transparent and uniform solution, and a gel precursor solution is obtained; (2)gelatinizing is carried out on the gel precursor solution obtained in the step (1) to prepare hydrogel containing saturated soluble salt; and (3) seed crystal is placed above the obtained hydrogel toobtain the crystal type composite gel electrolyte. Compared with the prior art, the preparation process is simple and efficient, materials are cheap and easy to get, the obtained composite gel electrolyte has higher mechanical strength and ionic conductivity, can be applied to energy storage devices such as super capacitors, can automatically adjust the temperature of the materials according to different temperature, even if in an extreme environment, a system can be further maintained to keep stable in short time, and important significance is achieved during dealing with fire hazard and other disasters.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a gel material, in particular to a crystalline composite gel electrolyte and its preparation and application. Background technique [0002] The increasing energy demand puts forward higher requirements for the development of energy storage devices. Common electrochemical energy storage devices include lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, solar cells, etc. The performance of these energy storage devices is mainly determined by their electrode materials and electrolyte materials. According to the existence of the electrolyte, the electrolyte can be divided into liquid electrolyte and solid electrolyte. Due to its fluidity, liquid electrolytes are prone to leakage during use, which can cause dangers such as combustion or explosion. Solid electrolytes solve this problem and make the packaging process of the device relatively simple. [0003] Gel electrolyte is a type of solid electrolyte that has been widely studied. It has the chara...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] However, gel electrolytes also have some problems, the most important of which is the contradiction between mechanical properties and ionic conductivity.

Although the gel electrolyte is solid, its mechanical strength is not high, especially the water-based gel electrolyte, whose compressive modulus is usually only a few thousand Pascals to a dozen thousand Pascals, which is far from being able to resist mechanical damage. When it is destroyed, there is still the risk of device damage or even explosion, which is difficult to meet the safety requirements

Improving the mechanical strength of the gel electrolyte by increasing the solid content or adding inorganic fillers will lead to a significant decrease in its ionic conductivity and damage the electrochemical performance of the device.

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