Waterborne low surface tension high viscosity radioactive aerosol suppressant and preparation method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear pollution decontamination, and discloses a waterborne low surface tension high viscosity radioactive aerosol suppressant and a preparation method. Acrylamide is used as a main monomer, acrylic acid and styrene are used as functionally modified monomers, and self-emulsifying micro-emulsion polymerization is carried out to obtain the waterborne low surface tension high viscosity radioactive aerosol suppressant. The suppressant is a water-soluble suppressant, and accords with the characteristic of environmental friendliness. The suppressant has a relatively low surface tension, has good wetting wrapping properties to an aerosol, and at the same time has a relatively high viscosity, a film is formed by solidification after the aerosol is suppressed by the suppressant and falls to the ground, the high-viscosity suppressant is more conducive to solidification and recovery of suppressed dust, no secondary pollution to the environment is caused, and the suppressing efficiency adopting the prepared radioactive aerosol suppressant is 87.93% or more. At the same time, the suppressant has good film-forming properties, and thus an application of the suppressant in a nuclear emergency process is more conducive.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of nuclear pollution decontamination, and in particular relates to a water-based low-surface-tension high-viscosity radioactive aerosol press preparation and a preparation method. Background technique [0002] Currently, the closest prior art: [0003] Radioactive aerosols refer to aerosols containing radionuclides or contaminated by radionuclides, which are easy to diffuse and can enter the human body through the respiratory system to cause internal exposure. Therefore, in nuclear accidents and nuclear emergency response, the removal of radioactive aerosol pollution is essential. is the key issue. [0004] Usually, the removal and treatment methods of conventional aerosol particles (non-radioactive) are mainly physical purification methods, mainly including four types: mechanical dust removal, filter dust removal, wet pressing, and electrostatic dust removal. The removal of radioactive aerosol should not ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] However, the use of water as the spray liquid has the following two disadvantages: first, the surface tension of the droplets after water atomization is large, which hinders the wetting and condensation of water mist particles and aerosol particles, reducing the removal effect; After dedusting, the water is difficult to collect due to its good fluidity, and it is easy to seep into the ground after entraining radioactive aerosol particles, causing deeper pollution

[0007] (1) In the prior art, the polymer chain structure is not designed so that the droplets have lower surface tension (surface energy) after atomization of the aqueous solution, and it is easier to wet and condense with the aerosol particles, resulting in the inability to obtain Better aerosol suppression

[0008] (2) In the prior art, it is not possible to make the prepared compressed preparation have a high viscosity while maintaining a low surface tension, resulting in a large fluidity after spraying, atomizing and dust removal, and it is not easy to collect, and cannot effectively solve the problem of radioactivity. diffuse pollution

[0009] (3) The higher surface tension of the existing compressed preparations will cause the diameter of the atomized droplets to be larger, which is equivalent to a small density of atomized droplets per unit volume, thereby reducing the collision frequency between droplets and aerosol dust, make the compression efficiency low

[0014] The control and removal of radioactive dust has always been an important issue in the decommissioning of nuclear facilities and nuclear emergency response. At present, the conventional and flexible method is mainly spray wet pressing decontamination, but the pressing performance of the pressing agent used needs to be improved.

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