Method for preparing carbon nano-cage by catalyzing organic ligand by metal ion, prepared carbon nano-cage and application of carbon nano-cage

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for preparing a carbon nano-cage by catalyzing an organic ligand by a metal ion, the prepared carbon nano-cage and an application of the carbon nano-cage. The preparation method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing an organic ligand aqueous solution and a metal salt aqueous solution according to a ratio, then carrying out a reaction for 2-24 hours under a normal-temperature condition to obtain a metal organic framework precursor with a rhombic dodecahedral structure, then heating the precursor in an inert gas atmosphere to 350-500 DEG C, carrying out constant-temperature calcination for 1-2 hours, then continuing carrying out heating to 800-900 DEG C, carrying out constant-temperature calcination for 1-4 hours, carrying out cooling, and then carrying out acid washing, water washing and drying treatment to obtain the carbon nano-cage. The size of the carbon nano-cage provided by the invention is smallest according to the present report, and is about 10 nm. In addition, the superfine carbon nano-cage structure prepared by the method has a rich pore structure, high specific surface area and excellent electrochemical performance, is low in preparation cost, can be efficiently put into production and use, and has relatively high market competitiveness.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation and application of nanometer materials, and in particular relates to a method for preparing carbon nanocages by using metal ions to catalyze organic ligands, and the prepared carbon nanocages and applications. Background technique [0002] At present, carbon materials are widely used in energy and environment fields, such as battery materials, superelectric materials, fiber materials, catalytic materials, etc. In the future, our life is closely related to carbon materials, and the development prospects are immeasurable. The reported carbon materials can be roughly divided into: one-dimensional tubular (carbon nanotubes), two-dimensional sheet (graphene), and three-dimensional porous (carbon nanocages). Since the synthesis of carbon nanotubes by Kroto H.W in 1985 and the synthesis of graphene by Andre Giem in 2004, the application of carbon materials has achieved unprecedented development. Rese...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the size of carbon nanocages obtained by these methods is generally on the micron scale, and there is still a large gap from the ideal nanometer size.

[0005] In summary, according to the methods of preparing carbon nanocages reported in the prior art, it is not difficult to find that the preparation of carbon nanocages usually uses expensive equipment, the preparation conditions are harsh, the efficiency is low, and it is difficult to prepare carbon nanocage materials for large-scale production.

Secondly, the raw materials used in most methods contain high toxicity, such as highly toxic organic substances (hydrazine compounds, ether compounds) and compounds containing heavy metals, and may produce harmful substances in the preparation process, such as chloride, fluorine, etc. Chemicals, etc.

Finally, from the perspective of practical application, the carbon nanocage materials prepared so far have different shapes and sizes, and the size of most materials is still at the micron level, which greatly limits the chemical activity of carbon materials. At the same time, the specific surface area of ​​the materials It is also greatly affected, so it is of great significance to find a simple, effective, economical, green, and large-scale production of high-performance carbon nanocage materials

Images