Efficient separation device and method for ocean microplastics

Abstract

The invention provides an efficient separation device for ocean microplastics. The efficient separation device comprises an electrothermal constant-temperature air blast dry box, a heat-collection type magnetic stirrer, an electronic balance, a numerical control ultrasonic wave cleaner, a stereomicroscope, a Fourier transform infrared spectrograph, a microscope system and an ultrapure water processing system, wherein the ultrapure water processing system is used for flushing filtered salt on a filter and a filtering membrane; the microplastics are put in the numerical control ultrasonic wave cleaner; the electrothermal constant-temperature air blast dry box is connected with the heat-collection type magnetic stirrer for concentrating a microplastics flotation liquid; and a solution and themicroplastics, which are separated, are analyzed through the Fourier transform infrared spectrograph, the solid electronic balance, the stereomicroscope and the microscope system to form microplastics recovery rate data. A corresponding separation method comprises the following steps of: on the basis of sodium chloride and zinc chloride, carrying out continuous floatation method extraction on themicroplastics in sediments; carrying out quick concentration, trawling concentration and collection by a water taking device on the microplastics in seawater; carrying out alkali digestion; and carrying out extraction by a floatation method.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biochemical analysis, in particular to the technical field of extraction and efficient separation of marine microplastics. Background technique [0002] Microplastics are plastic particles with a diameter of less than 5mm, and their sources can be divided into primary microplastics and secondary microplastics. Primary microplastics refer to plastic particles directly added to products, including particles for making plastic products, cosmetics, exfoliating products, Microbeads contained in household products, etc.; secondary microplastics refer to large pieces of plastic that enter the environment and are broken into smaller plastic particles under the effects of light irradiation aging, biological crushing, mechanical grinding, etc. Microplastic pollution exists on a global scale. Whether it is floating microplastics or microplastics settled in the sediment, it has caused great damage to the marine envir...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] However, in the prior art, there is no sample collection and separation method that distinguishes microplastics in different media, resulting in problems such as poor separation effect, large manual intervention, high loss rate, high economic cost, and small sample volume in a single treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to find New high-efficiency separation device and method for marine microplastics

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