Liquid ammonia-based direct-cooling type power battery tab heat dissipation system

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a liquid ammonia-based direct-cooling type power battery tab heat dissipation system. The liquid ammonia-based direct-cooling type power battery tab heat dissipation system comprises a battery cell, a positive tab, a negative tab, a connecting bar, a direct cooling plate, a liquid ammonia storage tank, an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, a throttling element, acontroller, a refrigeration electromagnetic valve, a liquid spraying electromagnetic valve, a thermal electromagnetic valve, a gas-liquid separator and an oil-gas separator. According to the system, the physical characteristic of large latent heat of vaporization of liquid ammonia is fully utilized, and a direct-cooling power battery heat management mode is adopted to dissipate heat of battery tabs, so that the heat exchange contact heat resistance can be greatly reduced, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the system is improved. The system is compact in structure, high in heat exchange efficiency and capable of greatly reducing system energy consumption.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a power battery thermal management system. Background technique [0002] With the increasingly prominent problems of energy security and environmental pollution in China, new energy vehicles have developed rapidly in recent years, and the entire automobile industry is transforming and upgrading in the direction of electrification and intelligence. It is self-evident that the performance of the core "three electric" components has an impact on the vehicle. In particular, the current power battery is developing in the direction of high energy density and short charging time. The high heat output of the power battery requires a thermal management system to dissipate heat quickly to ensure that the entire battery module or battery pack is in a suitable operating temperature range and the system is different. Location cell temperature uniformity. [0003] At present, the existing battery thermal management methods are mainly: air ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The heat management method of air-cooled power battery is due to the small specific heat capacity of air, low thermal conductivity, small convective heat transfer coefficient, long time required for heat dissipation, high charge and discharge rate, poor cooling effect, large pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of the whole system, and unstable flow field. Uniformity, the difference in cooling conditions between the cells in the battery pack will lead to a large temperature difference in the battery pack, which has been gradually eliminated by the main engine factory

The thermal management method of liquid-cooled power batteries is large in size, heavy in weight, high in cost, requires high sealing and insulation, consumes a lot of energy in auxiliary components, and is prone to coolant leakage accidents

The thermal conductivity of phase change materials is low, the latent heat of phase change is small, and the amount of heat transfer is limited. It requires additional system volume and heavy weight, which greatly reduces the mass energy density and volume energy density of the entire thermal management system, and cannot dissipate heat in time. The problem of difficult preheating in thermal management of phase change materials is even more difficult to solve

Heat pipes and batteries have high requirements for shape adaptability, complex structures, poor heat transfer performance in tube structures, high insulation requirements, high processing technology requirements, and high costs. Phase change materials and heat pipe technologies still need a certain amount of time before industrial application

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