Method and production device for extracting ultra-pure helium from helium-containing natural gas at normal temperature in gradient manner

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a production device for extracting ultra-pure helium from helium-containing natural gas at normal temperature in a gradient manner, and belongs to the technical field of petrochemical engineering. Membrane separation, pressure swing adsorption, low-temperature catalysis and desulfurization and decarburization technologies are integrated according to the treatment capacity in a cascade mode, when helium in helium-containing natural gas/geothermal water dissolved gas is purified, the desulfurization and decarburization technologies, the membrane separation technologies, the pressure swing adsorption technologies and the low-temperature catalysis technologies are placed at proper separation positions according to the optimal separation interval of the separation technologies, and a multi-technology cascade integration process is formed. Helium contained in helium-containing natural gas/geothermal water dissolved gas is purified step by step through the process, and finally helium with the volume fraction not lower than 99.9999% is obtained. According to the process, through cascade combination and mutual cooperation of multiple technologies, the development bottleneck of a single separation technology is successfully broken, the helium yield is greatly improved, the investment and energy consumption in the process of extracting helium from helium-containing natural gas/geothermal water dissolved gas are reduced, the service life of a separation system is prolonged, and available helium resources are broadened.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of petrochemical technology. The present invention integrates membrane separation, pressure swing adsorption, low-temperature catalysis, and desulfurization and decarburization technologies. When purifying helium in raw material gas, desulfurization and decarburization, membrane separation, Pressure swing adsorption and low-temperature catalytic technology are placed in suitable separation positions to form a multi-technical cascade integration process. The helium-containing raw material gas is purified in steps, and finally a qualified ultra-pure helium product is obtained. In addition to the production of helium and natural gas, the present invention can also produce by-products such as carbon dioxide or nitrogen with relatively high purity according to the raw material conditions. Background technique [0002] So far, helium mainly comes from helium-containing natural gas. Therefore, the technology of extracting ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The relevant patents related to helium recovery or helium production that have been found so far mainly include two types, one is the purification and separation of process tail gas; the other is helium extraction from natural gas or air separation tail gas. Combination of cold or cryogenic and other technologies, this type of method can obtain high-purity helium products, but the production energy consumption is high, and its economy cannot meet the requirements when operating without by-production of LNG; there are also some It is a simple membrane method or pressure swing/temperature swing adsorption technology, which can obtain helium products with a certain purity, but the application rang

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