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A high-efficiency treatment method for high-voltage waste lithium batteries

A technology for waste lithium batteries and a treatment method is applied in the field of high-efficiency treatment of high-voltage waste lithium batteries, which can solve the problems of difficulty, the electrolyte cannot be effectively used, and takes up a lot of time, so as to improve the treatment efficiency and production capacity, and save the Effects of discharge pretreatment process, efficient separation and recovery

Active Publication Date: 2022-05-03
河北顺境环保科技有限公司
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At this stage, the disposal of waste lithium-ion batteries is basically to discharge the batteries below the safe voltage first to prevent fire and explosion when they are subsequently broken. However, it is extremely difficult to fully discharge the waste lithium batteries that have been eliminated, and the discharge cycle is longer. , it will take up a lot of time, the processing cost is high, and the efficiency is low; and the battery after discharge is crushed and pyrolyzed. The efficiency is low, the time is long, the process is complicated, and the electrolyte cannot be effectively used.

Method used

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  • A high-efficiency treatment method for high-voltage waste lithium batteries

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0026] The processing method of waste and old 18650 lithium-ion battery comprises the following steps:

[0027] a. Put the waste 18650 steel case lithium-ion battery without discharge pretreatment into the pyrolysis furnace, feed nitrogen at the same time, heat to 450°C for anaerobic pyrolysis for 15 minutes, and the electrolyte inside the battery during the anaerobic pyrolysis process It quickly turns into steam, which increases the internal pressure of the battery and opens the battery safety valve until the electrolyte steam is sprayed out. The electrolyte steam is condensed through the pipeline to the condenser, and the removal rate of the electrolyte reaches 95.5% during this process; , binders and other organic substances are pyrolyzed, and the pyrolysis rate of the separator reaches 90.4%, which realizes the rapid release and disappearance of the electric energy inside the battery, causing the battery to fail, and the pyrolyzed battery is obtained; the exhaust gas genera...

Embodiment 2

[0032] The processing method of waste 32650 lithium ion battery comprises the following steps:

[0033] a. Send the waste 32650 steel case lithium-ion battery without discharge pretreatment into the pyrolysis furnace, and at the same time, pass in carbon dioxide, heat it to 500°C for anaerobic pyrolysis for 20 minutes, and the electrolyte inside the battery during the anaerobic pyrolysis process It quickly turns into steam, which increases the internal pressure of the battery and opens the battery safety valve until the electrolyte steam is sprayed out. The electrolyte steam passes through the pipeline to condense in the condenser, and the removal rate of the electrolyte reaches 96.3% during this process; , binders and other organic substances are pyrolyzed, and the pyrolysis rate of the separator reaches 91.7%, realizing the rapid release and disappearance of the electric energy inside the battery, causing the battery to fail, and the pyrolyzed battery is obtained; the waste g...

Embodiment 3

[0038] The processing method of waste and old 42700 lithium-ion batteries comprises the following steps:

[0039] a. Send the waste 42700 steel case lithium-ion battery without discharge pretreatment into the pyrolysis furnace, and at the same time pass in argon gas, heat it to 600°C for anaerobic pyrolysis for 25 minutes, and the electrolysis inside the battery during the anaerobic pyrolysis process The liquid quickly turns into steam, which increases the internal pressure of the battery and then opens the battery safety valve until the electrolyte steam is sprayed out, and the electrolyte steam is condensed in the condenser through the pipeline, and the removal rate of the electrolyte reaches 97.1% during this process; The separator, binder and other organic substances are pyrolyzed, and the pyrolysis rate of the separator reaches 92.0%, which realizes the rapid release and disappearance of the electric energy inside the battery, causing the battery to fail, and the pyrolyzed...

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of battery recovery and treatment, and specifically discloses a high-efficiency treatment method for high-voltage waste lithium batteries. The high-efficiency treatment method of the high-voltage waste lithium battery comprises the following steps: a, anaerobically pyrolyzing the high-voltage waste lithium-ion battery at 450-600°C for 15-25min in an inert gas atmosphere, releasing and recovering electrolyte vapor; b . The pyrolyzed battery is crushed and screened to obtain battery scrap and positive and negative electrode powder; c. The battery scrap is sequentially subjected to magnetic separation, winnowing, grinding, ultrasonic screening and copper-aluminum sorting to separate the steel shell, Aluminum shell, positive and negative electrode powder, copper powder and aluminum powder; the vibration frequency of ultrasonic sieving is 1200‑1500 times / min, and the mesh size of the screen is 200 mesh. The treatment method provided by the invention realizes safe, efficient and clean recovery treatment of high-voltage waste lithium batteries, realizes efficient separation and recovery of electrode materials, copper and aluminum, and is compatible with different lithium batteries.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of battery recovery and treatment, in particular to a high-efficiency treatment method for high-voltage waste lithium batteries. Background technique [0002] As the proportion of lithium-ion batteries used in new energy vehicles continues to increase, the market space for lithium batteries is becoming wider and wider. Electric vehicles replace oil with electricity and can achieve "zero emission" and "low noise", which is an important means to solve energy and environmental problems. A new generation of energy-saving and environmentally friendly vehicles represented by electric vehicles has become an inevitable trend in the development of the automotive industry. However, the performance of the power battery will attenuate with the increase of the number of uses. When the performance of the power battery drops to 80% of the original performance, it will not meet the use standards of electric vehicles. With...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/54
CPCH01M10/54Y02W30/84
Inventor 冯津赤李新强马成
Owner 河北顺境环保科技有限公司
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