Knee joint local prosthesis and personalized design method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of artificial joints, in particular to a knee joint local prosthesis and a personalized design method thereof. According to CT scanning data of knee joints of multiple patients, prosthesis data models with multiple specifications and models and dense size intervals are obtained, and a real knee joint bone model database of the patients is established; comparing the target patient bone data with a data model of an established knee joint bone model database one by one, matching to obtain bone data with high similarity, and calling local intact bone data corresponding to the diseased region of the target patient; the covering prosthesis covers all the lesion bearing areas; and calculating the resection thickness of the femur resection, so that the thickness of the implanted knee joint local prosthesis is equal to the sum of the resection of the posterior femur and the normal femur cartilage. The problems that when an existing knee joint femoral condyle prosthesis is used, the osteotomy amount is large, the operation difficulty is large, anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments are not reserved, and the movement experience of a patient is poor are solved through local model data of the diseased region obtained through matching.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of artificial joints, in particular to a partial prosthesis of the knee joint and a personalized design method thereof. Background technique [0002] The existing knee femoral condyle prosthesis has the following types: [0003] 1. The total knee femoral condyle (total knee joint prosthesis) forms a sliding fit with the upper surface of the liner, which not only enables the artificial total knee joint prosthesis to replace the human knee joint to realize the functions that the human knee joint should have, but also Because the upper surface of the liner and the femoral condyle have a high degree of fit, it is beneficial to slow down the mutual wear between the femoral condyle and the liner, prolong the service life of the knee joint prosthesis, and reduce the revision rate. However, total knee prosthesis replacement does not retain the anterior and posterior cruciate ligament, and the amount of surgical ost...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, total knee prosthesis replacement does not retain the anterior and posterior cruciate ligament, and the amount of surgical osteotomy is large. The medial amount of posterior condyle osteotomy is about 8 mm, the medial amount is about 10-11 mm, and the amount of distal osteotomy is generally 11 mm, which is not conducive to postoperative surgery. Recovery, and surgical revision is difficult; the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments are not preserved, and the patient's sports experience is poor

[0004] 2. Platform unicondylar (unicondylar knee prosthesis), including movable platform unicondylar knee prosthesis and fixed platform unicondylar knee prosthesis. Both products have their own disadvantages, and the movable platform unicondylar knee prosthesis is prone to Dislocation phenomenon; and the fixed platform unicondylar knee prosthesis, because the upper surface of the gasket is designed to be almost flat, the prosthesis is easy to wear and has a low service life

Because the amount of osteotomy at the posterior end of the movable unicondyle is generally 5 mm, and the amount of osteotomy at the distal end of the fixed unicondyle is generally 6.5 mm, resulting in the loss of a large amount of high-quality bone, making surgical revision difficult and reducing the possibility of subsequent treatment

Unicompartmental knee arthroplasty is only suitable for replacement of a single compartment of the knee joint. Once the trochlear groove is affected, it is necessary to perform unicompartmental knee joint replacement and patellofemoral joint replacement to perform double-compartment replacement of the knee joint. The operation time is long and difficult.

[0005] At the same time, existing knee prostheses do not perform optimally in patients with bicompartmental disease and intact cruciate ligaments, forcing a change to total knee replacement

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