95 results about "Knee joint replacement" patented technology

A bone surgery device with a reciprocating cutting head. The device comprises several sets of shaping surfaces sometimes including cutting blades, which are located and oriented so as to shape the distal end of the femur and the proximal end of the tibia for total knee replacements and unicompartmental knee replacements. The device, which may be hand directed or aided by spatial and directional guiding mechanisms or an optical navigation system, may also include both coolant supply for controlling heat during bone cutting and shaping, and a suction method for carrying away fluid and debris. The device is substantially configured to the artificial joint component to be attached thereto.

The invention relates to a lower limb fixing mechanism for knee joint replacement, and belongs to the field of orthopedic medical instruments. The lower limb fixing mechanism is used for fixing and adjusting the lower limb positions in knee joint replacement and comprises an electric cylinder assembly, a thigh adjusting rod, a shank adjusting rod and an I-shaped slide rail; the lower end of the electric cylinder assembly is movably connected with the I-shaped slide rail through an electric cylinder slide seat, the upper end of the electric cylinder assembly is fixedly connected with the thigh adjusting rod, the thigh adjusting rod and the shank adjusting rod are movably connected with the I-shaped slide rail through a thigh slide seat and a shank slide seat respectively, and the thigh adjusting rod is rotatably connected with the shank adjusting rod through a pin shaft. The lower limb fixing mechanism has the advantages of being simple in structure, convenient to use, light and the like, it can be guaranteed that the lower limbs are fixed reliably and the positions are convenient to adjust in an operation, the repeated positioning precision is improved, the doctor workload is reduced, and the operation quality can be improved.

The embodiment of the invention provides a total knee arthroplasty preoperative planning method and device, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining a knee joint X-ray film image, and determining the real size of the knee joint X-ray film image; inputting the knee joint X-ray film image into a neural network identification model for identification, and determining key points and key axes; determining femur size parameters and tibia size parameters based on the key points and the key axes; determining types and models of a thighbone prosthesis and a tibia prosthesis based on the thighbone size parameter and the tibia size parameter; and based on the key axis, the type and the model of the femoral prosthesis and the type and the model of the tibia prosthesis, determining placement positions and placement angles corresponding to the femoral prosthesis and the tibia prosthesis. Therefore, according to the embodiment of the invention, the cost can be saved, the randomness of manual measurement is avoided, and an important reference function is provided for calculation of various parameters and placement of the prosthesis, so that the dependence on a surgeon is reduced.

A method for tracking and measuring an articular surface movement based on virtual signalized points belongs to the technical field of the knee joint replacement. The method is characterized in that a series of virtual signalized points are respectively defined on the joint surfaces of a thighbone and a tibia which relatively move in advance; the coordinate transformation relation between the virtual signalized points and a trackable sign gantry which is fixed on the skeleton is established; the orbit tracking and measuring is carried out on the trackable sign pantry by optical three-dimensional motion measuring equipment; and the motion trail of all virtual sign points is obtained by the coordinate transformation, thus realizing the tracking and measuring on the relative movement of the joint surface which is represented by the virtual signalized points. The method accurately reflects the relative movement of the joint surface and provides quantified information for joint replacement and joint movement analyzing in clinical practice.

A method for positioning a bone cutting guide on a tibia may involve coupling a cutting guide positioning apparatus with a tibia, adjusting the positioning apparatus in a varus/valgus orientation, adjusting the positioning apparatus in an anterior/posterior orientation, adjusting the positioning apparatus up or down to select a tibial bone resection level, and contacting a cutting guide with the tibia, using the adjusted positioning apparatus.

The invention discloses a knee joint balance detection system in total knee replacement and a balance discrimination method thereof. The system is characterized in that a left pressure sensor set anda right pressure sensor set are attached to the left and right regions of a gasket, in the operation process, the gasket is placed in a gap between the thigh bone prosthesis and the tibia bracket, data of the left and right sensor sets can be obtained during 0-degree knee bending, 90-degree knee bending, internal rotation and ectropion, due to data analysis, whether the knee joints are located inthe balanced state or not is judged, and if the knee joints are in the non-balanced state, by properly repairing bones or adjusting the position of a prosthesis, the knee joints are in the balanced state finally. By keeping the position unchanged, surgical suturing is performed. By improving the accuracy of surgical knee joint balance, the important role in prolonging the service life of the postoperation prosthesis of a patient, reducing postoperative complications, and improving the postoperation living quality of the patient is achieved.

The invention provides a measurement marking frame used for determining the axis line of the lower limbs of the human, belonging to the technical field of human motion research and human knee joint replacement. The measurement marking frame is characterized in that the measurement marking frame comprises an upper semi-circular bracket and a lower semi-circular bracket, a pair of connecting rods which consist of an upper connecting rod and a lower connecting rod which is sheathed inside the upper connecting rod in a slidable sleeve way; the upper semi-circular bracket and the lower semi-circular bracket are rotatablely connected with the connecting rods respectively by a shaft pin at the central position of the semi-ring; three axis line positioning pointers are distributed every 90 DEG on the upper semi-circular bracket and the lower semi-circular bracket; the tip of each pointer is contracted and locked in the needle hole and points at the center of the axis line of the lower limbs together; the upper semi-circular bracket and the lower semi-circular bracket can adjust the position of the circumferential direction respectively on knee joint and anklebone; furthermore, the centers of the two semi-circular brackets are coincident to the axis line of the limbs; marks which can be tracked by a sensor are uniformly distributed on the external circumference of the bracket. The measurement marking frame can precisely determine the relative position of the measurement system and the human body and the axis line of the lower limbs.

The invention provides a tibia intramedullary orientator which comprises a body, a transverse frame and a rotary adjusting plate. A long nail hole and an orientation rod hole which run through the upper end face and the lower end face are formed in the body. The rotary adjusting plate is arranged on the side face of the body. The lower end of the rotary adjusting plate and one end of the transverse frame are fixedly connected to form an L-shaped structure. The joint of the rotary adjusting plate and the transverse frame is rotationally connected to the body through a pin. Angle indicating scales are arranged on the portion, corresponding to the upper end of the rotary adjusting plate, of the body. By adjusting the placement position of the orientator, the tibia line of force is obtained; the varus angle, hallux valgus angle and caster angle required by osteotomy are obtained by adjusting the different angles of the orientator, the problems of osteotomy orientation and osteotomy determination in knee joint replacement are effectively solved, and the tibia intramedullary orientator is simple in structure and convenient to operate.

The invention discloses a gap-balancing-method knee-joint-replacement femur size measuring mold. Both a sliding sleeve and a small-column positioning block can slide on a body, and the back side of the sliding sleeve is connected with an upper foot plate in a pendulum-type hanging manner; during a knee extending position, the upper foot plate and a lower foot plate are inserted into spaces completing osteotomy of the proximal tibia and the distal femur and opened, and the size of a prosthesis gasket can be measured through a sliding-cover small window; meanwhile, the sliding sleeve abuts against the small-column positioning block at the upper portion, and slides upwards, and the relationship between the lower foot plate and the small-column positioning block is locked through a hook, a clamping pin and a spring. During a knee bending position, the sliding sleeve falls down, the upper foot plate and the lower foot plate are closed, and are inserted into spaces of the proximal tibia andthe posterior femoral condyle, the upper foot plate and the lower foot plate are opened again, it can be achieved that an medial collateral ligament, a lateral collateral ligament and the like are opened through tension before knee-bending-position osteotomy, drilling is conducted according to positioning holes formed in the two ends of the small-column positioning block, the positioning holes canserve as positioning holes for placing a four-in-one osteotomy module, and the size of a femur prosthesis can be measured through scale identifications of a pointer column inserted into the upper portion of the small-column positioning block at this moment.

The invention discloses a knee-joint internal and external rotating angle measurer used in the knee-joint surface replacement technology for a surgery. According to the knee-joint surface replacement technology, due to the moderate outward rotation of a prosthesis on the thighbone side, a buckling clearance and a straightening clearance can be well matched, and the complication caused by poor motion track of the patella is reduced. The knee-joint internal and external rotating angle measurer is composed of a rear condyle positioning frame and an angle ruler. A rotating shaft of the angle ruler is located in a longitudinal groove in the rear condyle positioning frame, and the angle ruler can horizontally move up and down and can rotate around the shaft, so that the angles of different skeletons are measured. According to the knee-joint internal and external rotating angle measurer, on the basis of the actual requirement in the knee-joint replacement technology, the knee-joint internal and external rotating angle measurer is developed, the knee-joint internal and external rotating angle measurer is simple in structure, accurate in measurement, convenient to use and universal during the surgery, measurement of the knee-joint internal and external rotation angles during the surgery is achieved, and supports are provided for accurate implementation of the surgery.

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, particularly relates to a femoral extramedullary positioning osteotomy device in knee joint replacement and a use method thereof, and provides the following scheme that the femoral extramedullary positioning osteotomy device comprises a sliding rod, an osteotomy femur and a second femur osteotomy guide plate, wherein the outer wall of the first fixing nail is fixedly connected with an original femoral bone, a sliding block is arranged on the outer wall of the sliding rod, and a braking assembly used for braking the sliding rod is arranged in the sliding block. The osteotomy device is simple in structure and convenient to operate, and the front-back position and the deflection angle of the bone cutting module are obtained by rotating the worm and kicking and moving the sliding block; then the rotating rod is rotated to drive the first thighbone osteotomy guide plate to move, the thickness of the bone needing to be cut is determined, then the rotating shaft drives the gear ring and the rotating disc to rotate, the levelness of the two positioning holes is guaranteed through the circular dial, the vertical line and the falling block, and deviation formed in later osteotomy is prevented.

The invention discloses a knee joint osteotomy angle measuring device comprises a bottom plate and a top plate, and side edges of the bottom plate and the top plate are hinged on to each other; a part, corresponding to a knee joint femoral head, of the top plate is provided with two groups of pressure sensors; the knee joint osteotomy angle measuring device further comprises a lifting mechanism which is used for rotating and lifting the top plate along a hinge point, and the pressure sensors are array type pressure sensors. The knee joint osteotomy angle measuring device disclosed in the invention can be used for conveniently and rapidly measuring an osteotomy angle during knee joint replacement, success rates of operations can be improved, and operation time can be shortened.

A plane locating method for the whoel knee joint displacing operation performed by robot includes such steps as constituting the locating probe with 4 infrared LEDs and locating pane, creating its coordinate system, finding out the relation between the coordinate systems of probe and camera, aligning the locating plane of probe with any plane, sliding several times, finding out the equation of said locating planein the coordinate of camera, scaling probe, finding out the equation of locating plane in the coordinate system of probe, and using the scaled probe to locate the plane on object.

The invention relates to a femoral extramedullary positioning device for knee joint replacement, which is characterized by comprising an anterior superior spine fixing bow (1) and a first connecting rod (2), wherein the first connecting rod (1) is perpendicularly connected onto the anterior superior spine fixing bow (1); the other end of the first connecting rod is connected with an osteotomy positioner (3); the positioning device further comprises a measurement rod (4); and the measurement rod (4) is connected with the osteotomy positioner (3).The device has the advantages that: 1) the device is ingenious in overall structure design and convenient to mount, 2) with the adoption of the osteotomy positioner in a precise right angle connecting design and capable of carrying out multiple measurements in the technical scheme, the precision of the device is further guaranteed; and 3) a handle of the osteotomy positioner is designed with complicated and refined bifurcation shapes, groove shapes, scales and small holes.The bifurcation shape design can limit the connecting rod in the positioner and allow the connecting rod to be matched with the positioner in size, and a coronal can be parallel to the connecting rod.

The invention discloses a total knee arthroplasty prosthesis model prediction method. The model comprises the steps that X-ray films of patient' knee joints before surgery and basic information of a patient are collected, wherein the X-ray films meet selection standards; the collected X-ray films and the basic information of the patient are preprocessed; and the pre-processed pictures and the basic information of the patient are used as features and input to a prosthesis model classifier trained based on a deep learning technology to acquire the use probability of each type of prosthesis in the surgery. According to the invention, the required prosthesis model can be efficiently and accurately predicted, and the detection accuracy rate can reach more than 84%; the accuracy rate reaches thesame level as the accuracy rate of preoperative prediction of experienced experts using CT and X-ray films; and the method provided by the invention only needs to use the X-ray films and the basic information of the patient, and has lower cost.

The invention provides a customized thighbone intercondylar osteotomy device, and belongs to the field of knee joint replacement surgical instruments, the customized thighbone intercondylar osteotomy device comprises a four-direction guide plate, inner and outer side positioning plates, inner and outer side limiting columns and inner and outer side nail channels, the four-direction guide plate is used for realizing osteotomy operation in four directions, the inner and outer side positioning plates are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the four-direction guide plate, and the inner and outer side limiting columns are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the four-direction guide plate. The inner and outer side limiting columns are fixed to the inner and outer side positioning plates and distributed on the two sides of the four-direction guide plate, the inner and outer side nail channels are distributed on the inner and outer side positioning plates, and the nail channels on the same side are arranged on different sagittal planes. The four-direction osteotomy device is simple in structure, convenient to operate, high in positioning precision and convenient to repeatedly design and manufacture, the design difficulty is effectively reduced, the cost is reduced, meanwhile, osteotomy operation in four directions can be achieved, the size of parts is reduced to the maximum extent on the premise that functions and mechanical properties are guaranteed, and the cost is reduced. And the material loss in the printing process is reduced.

The invention discloses auxiliary nursing equipment for orthopedic rehabilitation treatment. When the orthopedic rehabilitation auxiliary nursing equipment is used, a thigh wearing framework arc plate is bound and fixed to the outer side of the thigh of a patient through a wearing binding belt, a rehabilitation shank limiting arc plate is bound and fixed to the shank and the ankle of the patient through a shank limiting binding belt, and a rod body at the top of an auxiliary supporting framework inner rod swings and rotates left and right at the bottom of a supporting framework rod through cooperation of an inner rod rotating shaft rod and a framework rod rotating shaft pipe. In this way, elastic left-right swinging of a rehabilitation auxiliary supporting framework rod assembly relative to a rehabilitation thigh wearing assembly is achieved, a patient can autonomously poke the rehabilitation auxiliary supporting framework rod assembly, passive exercise of lower limbs after knee joint replacement is achieved, in later rehabilitation, the patient can overcome the force of an auxiliary buffer spring to achieve active resistance exercise of the lower limbs after knee joint replacement, and meanwhile the auxiliary nursing equipment can also be used for elbow bending rehabilitation exercise of the upper limbs.

The invention discloses a femoral far-end osteotomy guide device for knee joint replacement. The device comprises a fixing part and a swing saw guide part installed on the fixing part, the fixing part is provided with positioning needle sleeving holes sleeved with positioning needles inserted in the femoral far-end, the swing saw guide part is provided with a guide hole for guiding during swing saw osteotomy, and the swing saw guide part is in pivot joint with the fixed plane formed by the positioning needles in a rotation positioning mode. According to the device, the positioning needles of an existing knee joint replacement device are used for fixing, the swing saw guide part is rotatably positioned around the fixed plane formed by the positioning needles, the angle of a swing saw inserted in the guide hole can be adjusted relative to the fixed plane, and osteotomy at different angles can be achieved, so that the device adapts to femoral structures of different patients; further recovery of the patients is achieved, and the problem is solved that the left and right parts of the leg of the patient cannot be completely symmetric.

A two-dimensional survey meter for condyles on inner and outer sides of thighbone comprises a rectangular frame, wherein the rectangular frame is composed of a lower side cross rod, a left side vertical rod, an upper side cross rod and a right side vertical rod, wherein the rectangular frame is placed in front of the surface of a tibiofemoral joint, the upper side cross rod and the right side vertical rod are adjusted so as to be respectively and closely close to the front surface and a side surface of the tibiofemoral joint, namely the widths and the depths of the condyles on inner and outer sides of thighbone, and angles formed by the vertical planes of the condyles on inner and outer sides and a horizontal plane can be metered. The two-dimensional survey meter provided by the invention adopts a plurality of metering rulers to form a two-dimensional frame, protractors are respectively arranged in two directions, the sizes and the angles of the condyles on inner and outer sides at the rear end of the thighbone can be metered conveniently, necessary positioning work before full knee joint replacement can be provided, and risk in operations for patients can be lowered.

The invention relates to an auxiliary trainer used after knee joint replacement and a use method of the auxiliary trainer. The auxiliary trainer comprises a fixing base, an arc-shaped rail, a detachable spring, a pedaling device, an adjustment component, auxiliary bands, a movable plate, a rotary shaft and a connection rod. One side of the fixing base is connected with the arc-shaped rail through the rotary shaft, the other side of the fixing base is connected with the adjustment component through the connection rod, the movable plate is arranged on the arc-shaped rail and is fixedly provided with the pedaling device, the front and the back of the movable plate are each provided with one auxiliary band, one end of the spring is connected with the side surface of the movable plate and one end of the spring is connected with the rotary shaft. The auxiliary trainer is simple in structure, convenient, practical and low in cost, a patient can carry out trainings of any strength on any slope, the pedaling device is suitable for any patient, and the auxiliary trainer can meet requirements of the patient in different rehabilitation training stages and postoperation recovery of the patient is facilitated.

The invention discloses a postoperative rehabilitation device for total knee replacement. The postoperative rehabilitation device comprises an equipment shell, a reversal mechanism, a first pedal piece, a second pedal piece and a reciprocating driving mechanism, wherein the reversal mechanism is arranged in the equipment shell and is provided with a first driving end and a second driving end; the rotation directions of the first driving end and the second driving end are opposite; the first pedal piece and the second pedal piece are respectively located on two sides of the equipment shell and are both connected to the reversal mechanism; and the reciprocating driving mechanism is connected with the reversal mechanism and is used for driving the reversal mechanism to rotate in a reciprocating mode, so that the first pedal piece and the second pedal piece can be driven by the reversal mechanism to rotate in different directions and execute alternately. According to the postoperative rehabilitation device, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, for the total knee replacement, the knee joint bending and stretching action of a patient can be achieved, knee bending and stretching training is sufficient, a knee joint rehabilitation training effect is better, and in addition, the rehabilitation device has a small size and a simple structure and is suitable for being used on a sickbed for training.