A high-safety bone drilling device for the department of orthopaedics comprises a bottom plate, a supporting plate, a frame device, a motor device, support devices, air cylinder devices, a friction device, pushing devices and fixing devices. The bottom plate is provided with first supporting blocks and first rolling wheels. The supporting plate is provided with a first square hole, first supporting rods and first connecting blocks. The frame device comprises a frame, first supports, second supports, a first cross rod, first springs, third supports, first connecting rods, a first positioning plate and a positioning ring. The motor device comprises a first motor, a first rotating shaft, a second cross rod, a positioning rod, first bent rods, a second spring, a second rotating shaft and a drill bit. Each support device comprises a moving rack, a first inclined rod, third springs, a triangular block, a fourth spring and a fifth spring. Each air cylinder device comprises an air cylinder, a pushing rod, a second connecting rod, a rotating block and a second supporting rod. Each friction device comprises a cushion block and third supporting rods. The high-safety bone drilling device for the department of orthopaedics can be used for drilling the bone of a patient stably and relieves the labor intensity of a doctor.