62 results about "Line of force" patented technology

There are provided a GaN field effect transistor (FET) exhibiting an excellent breakdown voltage owing to the high quality of GaN crystal in a region where the electric lines of force concentrate during operation of the same, and a method of manufacturing the same. The FET has a layer structure formed of a plurality of GaN epitaxial layers. A gate electrode and a source electrode are disposed on the surface of the layer structure, and a drain electrode is disposed on the reverse surface of the same. A region of the layer structure in which the electric lines of force concentrate during operation of the FET has a reduced dislocation density compared with the other regions in the layer structure. The GaN FET is manufactured by forming, on a crystal-growing substrate having a surface formed with a plane pattern of a material other than a GaN-based material in an identical design to a plane pattern of an electrode determining the region in which the electric lines of force concentrate, a plurality of GaN epitaxial layers, one upon another, by using the epitaxial lateral overgrowth technique, thereby forming a layer structure, and then forming operational electrodes on the surface of the layer structure.

The present invention relates to a device for tissue-characterization, designed for effective sensor-to-tissue contact. The device includes an element, having a rigid surface of a linear cross-section, on which at least one sensor is arranged, and a mechanism for applying a force to a soft tissue, the line of force being at an acute angle with the rigid surface, for stretching or stretching and pushing the soft tissue against the rigid surface, thus achieving effective contact between the tissue and the at least one sensor. In consequence, the accuracy of the sensing is improved. In accordance with another embodiment, a plurality of sensors is employed, arranged along a curved element, for providing three-dimensional information regarding the tissue, for example, by small-scale computerized tomography.

Magnetically shielded miniature Hall thrusters are disclosed that use a unique magnetic field topology that prevents the magnetic field lines from intersecting the discharge channel walls in the acceleration region of the thruster. Instead, the lines of force originating from both the inner and outer pole pieces curve around the downstream edges of the discharge channel and follow the channel walls towards the anode. This unique field topology results in low electron temperature at the discharge channel walls while eliminating strong electric field components that would otherwise lead to high erosion rates and power deposition from ion acceleration into the channel walls.

An electrostatic force microscope for measuring electrostatic force of a sample under test including a detector comprising a cantilever arm having a tip formation at one end and located so that electrostatic force is induced at the tip due to electrostatic charge on the sample under test, an optical system for transforming bending of the cantilever arm due to electrostatic force induced at the tip into an electrical signal containing a frequency component of the electrostatic force induced at the detector tip, a source for applying bias voltage to the detector, a detector for detecting the frequency component of the electrostatic force induced at the detector tip so that a measurement of electrostatic force on the sample under test can be obtained, and an electrostatic shield operatively associated with the cantilever arm. The shield is located between the cantilever arm and the sample under test, in particular in close spaced relation to the arm. The cantilever arm and the shield are maintained at the same electrical potential so that lines of electrostatic force are terminated at the shield.

The invention relates to the three-dimensional model conversion technology and aims at solving the problems that in the prior art, when an overall characteristic curve of a model turbine is converted into an operating overall characteristic curve of a prototype turbine, an auxiliary line needs to be drawn, the workload is large, man-made influence factors are more, and working efficiency and drawing precision are low. According to a method for generating the operating overall characteristic curve of the prototype turbine, according to the overall characteristic curve of the model turbine, coordinates of points on equivalent efficiency lines of the prototype turbine, coordinates of points on equivalent output lines of the prototype turbine, coordinates of points on equivalent draft height lines of the prototype turbine, coordinates of points on equivalent guide vane opening lines of the prototype turbine and the like are calculated through computer software, on the basis, equivalent efficiency lines, equivalent output lines, equivalent draft height lines, equivalent guide vane opening lines, output limiting lines and the like of prototype turbine are drawn on H-P and Q-P plane coordinate graphs respectively, and then operating region division of the prototype turbine is further realized. The method is suitable for converting the overall characteristic curve of the model turbine the operating overall characteristic curve of the prototype turbine.

The methods and devices provide for calibration of two or three-axis magnetic field sensors with an artificial magnetic calibration field, or a sequence of magnetic calibration fields, that overwhelm the earth's magnetic field and any other extraneous magnetic fields that may be present in the calibration area. The calibration field or fields are produced with a known relationship to a test stand or jig on which a two and or three-axis magnetic field sensor is secured. The calibration fields are oriented to produce fields that have generally parallel lines of force (relative to the sensor to be calibrated) with minimal curvature or discontinuity. For each coil or calibration field, data from each sensor may be collected and analyzed to enable one or more correction factors to be determined for each sensor. The correction factors may be provided to the apparatus in which the magnetic sensor is secured to correct sensor data and provide more accuracy.

A liquid crystal display having electrodes on a single substrate. A transparent planar electrode elongated in the transverse direction is formed on the inner surface of a substrate, and an insulating film is deposited thereon. A plurality of linear electrodes, which are elongated in the longitudinal direction and either transparent or opaque, are formed on the insulating film. Potential difference between the planar and the linear electrodes generated by applying voltages to the electrodes yields an electric field. The electric field is symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal central line of the linear electrodes, and has parabolic or semi-elliptical lines of force having a center on a boundary line between the planar and the linear electrodes. The line of force on the planar and the linear electrodes and on the boundary line between the planar and the linear electrodes has the vertical and the horizontal components, and the liquid crystal molecules are re-arranged to have a twist angle and a tilt angle. The polarization of the incident light varies due to the rearrangement of the liquid crystal molecules.

Stable antenna characteristics are maintained at all times, by detecting ambient environments that change the antenna characteristics, and correcting the antenna characteristics, as appropriate. When a human body (a palm or a finger) comes near an electric field of a pseudo-dipole, consisting of an antenna element electrode (21) and a ground electrode (51) of a substrate, electric lines of force enter (terminate at) the human body as if being drawn-near thereby, and the capacitance (stray capacitance) between the antenna element electrode (21) and the ground electrode (51) of the substrate increases. The antenna element is used for two functions, transmitting/receiving radio communication signals and detecting an approaching of a human body, and the approaching of a human body is sensed by using the relationship between the degree of approaching of a human body, and changes in stray capacitance. Changes in the antenna characteristics due to the approaching of a human body are then corrected, as appropriate, and stable antenna characteristics are maintained.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a color filter for the IPS having little disturbance of the electric line of force, and a liquid crystal display apparatus using the color filter for the IPS.

In order to achieve the object, the present invention provides a color filter for the IPS, comprising a base material, a light shielding part formed on the base material, a semiconductor photo catalyst containing layer formed so as to cover the base material and light shielding part, containing at least a semiconductor photo catalyst and an organopolysiloxane, and a colored layer formed in an opening part of the light shielding part on the semiconductor photo catalyst containing layer, wherein the specific resistance value of the semiconductor photo catalyst containing layer is 10⁶ Ω·cm or more.

A key interlock device includes a solenoid that holds a plunger when the solenoid is excited, and a link member that includes a shaft around which the link member is rotatable, and engages with the plunger so as to transmit a restraining force opposing an operation force of a key when the solenoid is excited. The shaft of the link member is disposed on a virtual line extending from a line of force of the operation force of the key. The key interlock device may include an engaging part through which the key interlock device is attached to a body of a steering lock device and which is disposed behind the shaft to which the operation force of the key applies.

It is described a working apparatus for a limited working area, comprising a base station configured to generate a magnetic field and a self-propelling robot. The self-propelling robot comprises means for moving the self-propelling robot in the working area, a gyroscope, a magnetic field sensor and a processing unit configured to control the movement of the self-propelling robot. The processing unit comprises a magnetic field search module configured to move the self-propelling robot so as to search for the set of contiguous magnetic field lines of force inside the working area according to a defined search path, and comprises a magnetic field tracking module configured to move the self-propelling robot to track at least a portion of the set of found contiguous lines of force by means of a plurality of maneuvers of crossing the set of found contiguous lines of force until reaching the base station.

The invention provides a UHVDC (Ultra High Voltage Direct Current) line ground three-dimensional composite electric field calculation method capable of considering terrain influence. The method comprises the following steps: S1: firstly, simplifying a complex terrain into an undulant three-dimensional ground, and establishing a three-dimensional composite electric field calculation model; S2: selecting any one calculation point on the ground, and utilizing a three-dimensional nominal electric field obtained by a moment method to determine an electric line of force from the point back to the surface of a lead; S3: setting an electric charge density initial value of the surface of a transmission lead, and obtaining the electric charge density and the nominal function of each point from the surface of the transmission lead along the space of the electric line of force; S4: updating the electric charge density of the surface of the lead until an average value of the spatial electric charge density meets a limitation condition; and S5: according to the obtained electric charge density and the nominal function, calculating a three-dimensional composite electric field on a complex ground. The method is based on a Deutecsh hypothesis principle and is combined with the moment method, influence on the three-dimensional composite electric field by the complex terrain is considered in a calculation process, and electromagnetic environment evaluation carried out when a UHVDC transmission line goes through the complex terrain can be realized.

The invention relates to a three-dimensional model conversion technology, aims to solve the problems of high workload, numerous human influence factors, low working efficiency and low drawing precision due to the need for making an auxiliary line during conversion of an integrated characteristic curve of a mixed-flow type model water turbine into an integrated operation characteristic curve of a mixed-flow type prototype water turbine at present, and provides a method for generating the integrated operation characteristic curve of the mixed-flow type prototype water turbine. The method comprises the steps of according to the integrated characteristic curve of the model water turbine, calculating coordinates of points on curves such as an equal efficiency curve, an equal output curve, an equal draft height curve, an equal guide vane opening curve, an equal pressure pulsation curve and the like of the prototype water turbine through computer software; based on this, drawing corresponding isoplethic curves, output limiting curves and the like of the prototype water turbine on H-P and Q-H plane coordinate graphs; and further obtaining operation region partitions of the mixed-flow type prototype water turbine. The method is suitable for converting the integrated characteristic curve of the mixed-flow type model water turbine into the integrated operation characteristic curve of the mixed-flow type prototype water turbine.

The methods and devices provide for calibration of two or three-axis magnetic field sensors with an artificial magnetic calibration field, or a sequence of magnetic calibration fields, that overwhelm the earth's magnetic field and any other extraneous magnetic fields that may be present in the calibration area. The calibration field or fields are produced with a known relationship to the test stand or jig on which a two and or three-axis magnetic field sensor is secured. The calibration fields are oriented to produce fields that have generally parallel lines of force (relative to the sensor to be calibrated) with minimal curvature or discontinuity. For each coil or calibration field, data from each sensor may be collected and analyzed to enable one or more correction factors to be determined for each sensor. The correction factors may be provided to the apparatus in which the magnetic sensor is secured to correct sensor data and provide more accuracy.

The invention discloses a method for improving the heating uniformity of an electric heating film and an electric heating film with uniform heating. A plurality of equipotential lines are added between positive and negative electrode leads of a non-rectangular electric heating film. The equipotential lines can be obtained by Made of a variety of materials, it can be metal wires or strips, or other non-metallic conductive materials. There are one or more equipotential lines, and there is an interval between each equipotential line, and the intervals can be equal or unequal. The invention can effectively reduce the heating inhomogeneity caused by the inhomogeneity of the surface current density caused by the shape by adding the forced equipotential line, and improve the electric heating uniformity of the whole working area. The invention provides a reliable solution for the problem of heating uniformity of the irregular electric heating system for the first time, expands the application field of the thin film electric heating device, and solves the problem of uneven heating of the irregular electric heating system.

The method assumes that a single solution or addition or subtraction of solutions of Schrodinger equation represented by polar or parabolic coordinates having its maximum value at the origin gives a wave function and an electric potential of a hydrogen atom. The method further: (1) regards the result of applying a gradient vector operation and thereafter a sign inversion to the wave function as an electric field; regards segments connected successively along the direction of the electric field as electric lines of force; and draws the electric lines of force so as to be approximately proportional in number to the percentage of the wave function with a difference between the maximum and minimum values of the wave function regarded as 100; and (2) displaying the wave function as an electric potential in a contour drawing.

Cells that are in the process division are vulnerable to damage by AC electric fields that have specific frequency and field strength characteristics. The selective destruction of rapidly dividing cells can therefore be accomplished by imposing an AC electric field in a target region for extended periods of time. Some of the cells that divide while the field is applied will be damaged, but the cells that do not divide will not be harmed. This selectively damages rapidly dividing cells like bacteria, but does not harm normal cells that are not dividing. Since the vulnerability of the dividing cells is strongly related to the alignment between the long axis of the dividing cells and the lines of force of the electric field, improved results can be obtained when the field is sequentially imposed in different directions.

A planar antenna has a radiating element and a ground plate. A body of a vehicle has an internal edge that is formed by making a hole in the body. The planar antenna is located in the hole so that an imaginary plane of the internal edge is located between the radiating element and the ground plate. In such a structure, electric lines of force perpendicularly pass through the body beside the planar antenna. As a result, electric fields are maintained in the vertical direction even if the planar antenna is mounted on the vehicle. This maintains a horizontal directivity of the planar antenna.

A machine tool with a generator for generating electrical power is disclosed. The generator has a stator with a coil and a rotor with a magnet. The rotor is capable of moving relative to the stator. An air gap is formed between the rotor and the stator. The stator and the rotor comprise a material with a relative permeability greater than the relative permeability of air and are arranged in such a way that magnetic lines of force of the magnet are guided in a targeted manner with respect to the coil. The air gap between the stator and the rotor is configured in such a way that a large proportion of the lines of force emanating from the magnet are guided by the stator and the rotor.

A radio frequency power supply structure and a plasma CVD device comprising the same are provided in which reflection of radio frequency power at a connecting portion where an RF cable connects to an electrode is reduced so that incidence of the radio frequency power into the electrode increases. In the radio frequency power supply structure for use in a device generating plasma by charging a plate-like electrode with a radio frequency power, the radio frequency power supply structure supplying the electrode with the radio frequency power from an RF cable, the RF cable is positioned on an extended plane of a plane formed by the electrode to connect to the electrode at a connecting portion provided on an end peripheral portion of the electrode. The RF cable connects to the electrode substantially in the same plane as the plane formed by the electrode. Voltage acting after the connecting portion becomes symmetric relative to the plane formed by the electrode and the electric line of force also becomes symmetric. Thereby, change of impedance at the connecting portion is reduced, reflection of the radio frequency power at the connecting portion is reduced, incidence of the radio frequency power into the electrode increases and the efficiency of film forming and surface treatment is enhanced.

The invention provides a detection system for the anti-demagnetization ability of a permanent magnet and a detection method thereof. The detection system comprises an experimental sample positioning device, an experimental sample, a frequency conversion motor with a frequency converter, alternating magnetic field control devices, alternating magnetic field sources, a fluxmeter and a detection coil, wherein the experimental sample is positioned in the alternating magnetic field through the experimental sample positioning device; an alternating magnetic field is generated by the opposite alternating magnetic field sources on the alternating magnetic field control devices; the frequency conversion motor with the frequency converter drives the alternating magnetic field control devices to cutmagnetic lines of force according to a designed rotating speed; and the fluxmeter and the detection coil detect flux distance changes of the experimental sample. A precise measuring instrument is adopted to accurately measure the decay and change law of permanent magnet magnetism in an actual use state of a product, and improvement of the product quality during a production process of an NdFeB permanent magnet is facilitated.

The device includes an outer conductor (7) and an inner conductor (9) arranged approximately coaxial with each other. The outer conductor surrounds the inner conductor. The outer conductor (7) and the inner conductor (9) are arranged and configured to generate an electromagnetic field with lines of force extending from a front surface (9A) of the inner conductor (9) to a front surface (7C) of the outer conductor (7). The device further includes an energy delivery window (13) arranged in front of the outer conductor and the inner conductor.