Antiprotozal composition

Abstract

A composition, and method of use, for controlling, reducing or preventing the growth of protozoal bacteria in the ruman of a rumiant comprising cell bodies of a facultative anaerobe selected from the group consisting of Corynebacterium cell bodies and Brevibacterium cell bodies or a mixture of Corynebacterium cell bodies and Brevibacterium cell bodies, glutamic acid fermention solubles, corn fermentation solubles, glutamic acid fermentation solubles and corn fermentation solubles.

Description

[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part of co-pending application Ser. No. 08 / 688,955, filed Jul. 31, 1996.[0002] N / A[0003] The invention relates to a method of using a composition and compound with antiprotozoal activity. These methods and materials will potentiate control of protozoal populations under a variety of conditions, particularly in ruminants.[0004] The normal diet of the ruminant animal is forage. Forage includes grasses, legumes and cellulytic byproducts of agricultural production. These are either fed fresh as pasture or green chop; in a dry form as hay; or in a preserved state as silage. The ability to utilize these materials as sources of nutrients is only possible as a result of pregastric bacterial fermentation in the rumen, the nonfundic portion of the animal's stomach. Here, bacterial action reduces the complex structural carbohydrates; cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin and the associated nonstructural carbohydrates; pectin, starches and sugars, to ...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0017] Another object of the present invention is to provide a feed additive and method of use which allows for the control, reduction and prevention of protozoal populations and thereby allow for the maximization of ruminal microbial growth and efficiency, the benefits of which increased flow of microbial protein to the duodenum, increased ruminal fermentation efficiency, and increased dry matter intake.

[0044] The addition of one or more of proteolytic, amyalytic and cellulytic enzymes also enhances the net response by allowing for the synchronization of the nitrogen sources with carbohydrates, thus ensuring the availability of sufficient quantities of energy for the increased microbial protein synthesis that is stimulated by the modified nitrogen fractions.

Problems solved by technology

This retention requires some sacrifices in food intake, which becomes more limited on forage based diets because the coarser ingests must be retained longer to achieve efficient extraction of energy.

This poses a special problem in the modern, domesticated ruminant, in that the nutrient demands created by genetic selection for rapid lean muscle growth or high levels of milk production far exceed the supply generated by rumenal fermentation of forage based diets.

The diets that must be fed require the addition of large amounts of nonstructural carbohydrate (starches and sugars) fed in the form of grain which, unfortunately, often is a source of physiologic and metabolic stress.

These problems are associated with the changes which occur in rumenal fermentation as a result of grain ingestion.

If, however, an imbalance in the nutrients available to the rumen microbes occurs, the microbial efficiency can be impaired.

This is particularly evident if ruminally available nitrogen or carbohydrate sources are inadequate.

In addition, predation on bacteria causes recycling of bacterial protein in the rumen.

The overall effects of the presence or absence of protozoa in ruminants are not well characterized because of the difficulty in reducing their numbers in viva.

Compounds which have demonstrated defuanating activity have proven too toxic to safely feed to ruminants or ineffective when fed for prolonged periods of time.

Thus although the benefits of defuanation have been conclusively demonstrated in vitro, the transferal of this information to field practice has yet to be accomplished.