The invention discloses a Hadoop cluster system and Hadoop cluster rapid establishment method based on a container technology and relates to the technical field of big data and cloud computing. The method comprises the steps of configuring that containers between different container operation nodes communicate through a VXLAN, and configuring that virtual network bridges of the container operation nodes are not located in the same network segment; installing SSH and JAVA operating environments, producing packaging files of a DNS service mirror image, a Hadoop master service mirror image and hadoop slave service mirror images, packaging the mirror images, and transmitting the packaged mirror images to a mirror image warehouse for storage; and submitting requests for deploying three pieces of services to a container management node in sequence by a user through a client, scheduling the corresponding requests to the container operating nodes for deployment by the container management node, and registering the corresponding service. According to the system and the method, a Hadoop cluster can be deployed rapidly, the condition that the number of servers is insufficient is solved, and the availability of a Hadoop container cluster deployed on a Docker platform is improved.