The invention discloses a spatial light beam compression multichannel imaging optical system with a large field of view. The system comprises an off-axis three-mirror light beam compression afocal telescopic system, a second replicating mirror (5), a first color separation filter (6), a second color separation filter (7), a visible and near infrared relay lens group (8), a visible and near infrared focal plane device (9), a short wave relay lens group (10), a short wave focal plane device (11), a long wave relay lens group (12) and a long wave focal plane device (13), wherein the afocal off-axis three-mirror light beam compression optical system comprises a primary mirror (1), a secondary mirror (2), a first replicating mirror (3) and a third mirror (4). A target radiating light beam is compressed by the afocal off-axis three-mirror light beam compression optical system, emergent parallel light beams pass through the color separation filters and enter following visible and near infrared channel, medium wave channel and long wave infrared channel, and images are formed on focal planes of the channels by the relay lens groups of the channels. The optical system has the advantages that the optical system is large in field of view and relative aperture, wide in spectral range and easy to machine, assemble and adjust, and the like.