69 results about "Equivalent concentration" patented technology

The invention relates to cracking catalyst, containing rare earth ultrastable Y-type zeolite and stroma, wherein the stroma contains alumina with additive; the alumina with additive contains the following composition in percentage by weight: 60 to 99.5 percent of alumina and 0.5 to 40 percent of additive; the additive is selected from one or a plurality of compounds containing alkaline earth, lanthanide metal, silicon, gallium, boron or phosphorus elements; the rare earth ultrastable Y-type zeolite is obtained through a method comprising the following steps that: ultrastable Y-type zeolite and an acid solution with the equivalent concentration between 0.01 and 2 N are mixed with the liquid / solid weight ratio of 4 to 20 in the temperature range between 20 and 100 DEG C, stirred for 10 to 300 minutes, washed and filtered; rare earth salt solution is added in to exchange rare earth ions; the solution is washed and filtered after exchange. The catalyst is strong in heavy oil cracking capability, high in light oil yield and low in coke yield.

The invention discloses a method for producing modified white carbon black. The method comprises the following steps of: A, adding water glass, water and a dispersing agent according to a proportion, stirring and heating; B, simultaneously dropwise adding concentrated sulfuric acid and 20 to 30-baume degree water glass into reaction equipment and determining that equivalent concentration of excessive Na2O of the water glass in reaction solution is 0.03 to 0.3; C, adding an activating agent and a modifying agent for reaction to generate modified hydrated silicon dioxide with amorphous structure; D, adding an acid to regulate the reaction solution; E, cooling, aging, filtering, washing, homogenizing and pulping; and F, drying and collecting with cyclone. In the method, the white carbon black is precipitated and prepared by using one-step process of dilute water glass and concentrated sulfuric acid, so that the production flow is simplified, the utilization rate of the equipment is improved, synchronous organic implementation of liquid-phase preparation technology and modification technology of the white carbon black is realized, and the dispersibility of project products and rubber reinforcement are improved; and by controlling the reaction process by the Na2O measuring method instead of a pH method, the control accuracy in the reaction process is improved, and stable and reliable product quality is guaranteed.

A cracking catalyst comprises a rare earth ultra-stable Y-zeolite and a matrix, the matrix comprises a silicon oxide binder, the rare earth ultra-stable Y-zeolite is obtained by the method including the following steps: the ultra-stable Y-zeolite and the acid solution with the equivalent concentration of 0.01N to 2N are mixed within the temperature range of 20 DEG C to 100 DEG C in the liquid-solid weight ratio of 4 to 20; washing and filtration are carried out after stirring for 10 minutes to 300 minutes; rare earth salt solution is then added for carrying out the rare earth ion exchange; and washing, filtration and drying are carried out after the exchange. The catalyst of the invention is used for catalytic cracking of heavy oil, the conversion rate is high, the yield of gasoline is high and the coke yield is low.

The invention relates to a multifunctional plating assisting additive for a hot dipping metallization process and a preparation and application method thereof, and belongs to the metal material anticorrosive technical field for providing multiple plating assisting efficacy. The technical proposal of the invention comprises that: a plurality of cations or an amphoteric surfactant ( an equivalent concentration of a quaternary ammonium group is between 0.1 and 2 mol / L) and nonionics (an equivalent concentration of a polyoxyethylene group is between 0.5 and 5 mol / L) are dissolved in deionized water. The method can improve the wetting quality between a liquid-state metal and a workpiece, and the adhesive uniformity and continuity of the plating assisting additive, reduces the drying time, prevents the liquid-state metal from falling and splashing, shortens the dipping and plating time, saves raw materials, improves a residue form, reduces an ash content, increases an ash discharge speed, isolates air, stops oxidation, disperses residual dirt and is suitable for a plurality of processes of hot galvanizing, hot plating zinc-aluminum alloy, hot plating aluminum, etc. The preparation steps comprise dissolution, cubage determination, cooling, keeping stand and filling; when the multifunctional plating assisting additive is used, the multifunctional plating assisting additive is directly added into a plating assisting additive solution and is evenly stirred.

The invention relates to online monitoring of flue gas, in particular to a calibration method and an implementation device for an ultraviolet differential flue gas concentration measurement system. The invention aims to provide the high-precision calibration method and the high-precision calibration device and simply and quickly complete calibration for the flue gas concentration measurement system. The invention adopts the technical proposal that: all sample cell packs are communicated and well sealed; standard concentration gas with fixed pressure is led in; after the gas is fully uniformly, sample cells are placed into a light path, thereby ultraviolet light can penetrate gas to be measured in the sample cells; the concentration of the gas to be measured with different equivalent concentrations can be obtained by placing the sample cells with different lengths; spectral curves are acquired and recorded under each concentration; the gas concentration is calculated according to the ultraviolet difference method; and least square fit of theoretical values and actual measured values of the equivalent gas concentrations obtained by utilization of standard concentrations and the lengths of the sample cells is performed through calibration software, and then calibrated concentration measuring coefficients are obtained. The calibration method and the implementation device are mainly applied to online monitoring of the flue gas.

Desalination is carried out by a hybrid ion exchange-nanofiltration process in which ion exchange is followed by pressure-driven nanofiltration. Monovalent ions of sodium and chloride of saline water are exchanged for equivalent concentrations of poly-valent ions (for example, sodium ions for magnesium ions or chloride ions for sulfate ions) when passed through ion exchangers in the form of those poly-valent ions. The resultant solution has a lower osmotic pressure than the initial solution containing monovalent sodium and chloride ions, and requires less transmembrane pressure for membrane desalination compared to traditional reverse osmosis. The concentrated reject stream from the membrane process is used as regenerant for the exhausted ion exchanger, which has been converted to monovalent anionic or cationic form.

The present invention relates to a cracking catalyst. Its composition contains (by wt%) 10%-50% of high rare earth ultrastable Y-type molecular sieve, 10%-40% of aluminium oxide adhesive and 10%-70% of clay. The preparation method of described high rare earth ultrastable Y-type molecular sieve includes the following steps: fully mixing ultrastable Y-type zeolite and acid solution whose equivalent concentration is 0.01N-2N according to the solid-liquid ratio of 20:4 at temperature range of 20deg.C-100deg.C, stirring them for 10min-300min, then washing, filtering, adding rare earth salt solution to make rare earth ion exchange, after the exchange washing, filtering and drying so as to obtain the high rare earth ultrastable Y-type molecutar sieve.

The invention relates to a method for measuring and calculating a discharge amount of petrochemical enterprise fugitive emission source VOCS. The method mainly solves the problem of poor calculating accuracy of the prior art. The method comprises setting a monitoring route along a fugitive emission source down wind direction through combination of an open-circuit infrared monitoring technology and meteorological conditions, carrying out continuous real-time monitoring, carrying out analysis and processing on the monitoring data result, selecting a characteristic compound, calculating a VOCs equivalent concentration, building a mathematical model and a calculation formula and acquiring a fugitive emission source total VOCs discharge amount and discharge amounts of ingredients of VOCs. The method solves the above problem and can be used for measuring and calculating the discharge amount of petrochemical enterprise fugitive emission source VOCS.

The present invention provides a process that can utilize aqueous sugar-bearing sources, including food commodities, food-processing by-products, fermentation by-products, or other industrial by-products, in the making of a liquid animal feed ingredient that contains sugar and carboxylic acid salt. In general, the process according to the invention comprises mixing: (a) an aqueous sugar-bearing source characterized by having: (i) a total monosaccharide and disaccharide sugar content of at least 5.0 weight percent based on the amount of the aqueous sugar-bearing source, and more preferably, an invert sugar content of at least 5.0 weight percent based on the amount of the aqueous sugar-bearing source; and (ii) a water content of at least 10 weight percent; (b) carboxylic acid having in the range of 1-8 carbon atoms; and (c) inorganic base; wherein the step of mixing the carboxylic acid and the inorganic base is at least partially performed in the presence of the aqueous sugar-bearing source, and wherein the proportions of the aqueous sugar-bearing source, carboxylic acid, and inorganic base are selected such that: (i) the total monosaccharide and disaccharide sugar concentration is at least 3.0 weight percent of the resulting mixture; (ii) the carboxylic acid equivalent concentration is at least 0.5 equivalent per 1,000 g of the resulting mixture; (iii) the pH of the resulting mixture is at least 3.5; and (iv) the viscosity of the resulting mixture is less than about 40,000 centipoise when measured at about room temperature and at about standard atmospheric pressure. The inorganic base at least partially neutralizes the carboxylic acid to form the carboxylic acid salt in the resulting animal feed ingredient and the aqueous sugar-bearing source absorbs at least some of the heat of neutralization.

The invention relates to single-component special pencil lead which is prepared with graphite as tinctorial strength, clay as binder, one among tallow acid oil and paraffin or more than one mixture as colorant. Because the prescription is reasonable, the invention has quite high hardness while making sure the pencil lead has quite high concentration. Because of the high concentration, the mark written by the pencil lead forms quite large contrast with the background, so that the mark written by the pencil lead can be still easily identified on special occasions with poor visibility; but the special pencil lead has larger core stress than that of the pencil lead with equivalent concentration under standard ratio, so that the pencil lead is not easy to be broken and can be used normally.

An ytterbium-doped optical fiber includes: a core which contains at least ytterbium, aluminum, and phosphorus; and a cladding which encircles the core, wherein an aluminum oxide equivalent concentration of the aluminum in the core is 0.2 mol % or more, a diphosphorus pentaoxide equivalent concentration of the phosphorus is higher than the aluminum oxide equivalent concentration, and the core either does not contain germanium or contains less than 1.1 mol % of germanium in a germanium dioxide equivalent concentration.

A storage and shipping system for glyphosate herbicide is provided, comprising a container having a capacity of about 0.1 to about 100,000 liters or more, substantially filled with an aqueous solution of glyphosate, predominantly in the form of one or a mixture of the potassium and monoethanolammonium salts thereof, the solution having a glyphosate acid equivalent concentration of at least about 30 percent by weight. The storage and shipping system, by virtue of the relatively high specific gravity of the glyphosate salt solution, holds a greater weight of glyphosate than a system comprising an identical container substantially filled with an aqueous solution of the isopropylammonium salt of glyphosate at the same glyphosate concentration by weight. Alternatively, the container of the storage and shipping system can be smaller than that of a container holding the same weight of glyphosate in the form of the isopropylammonium salt. Further, a larger number of such smaller containers can be shipped in a given enclosed volume, thereby enabling the shipment of a larger weight of glyphosate in a single consignment.

Desalination is carried out by a hybrid ion exchange-nanofiltration process in which ion exchange is followed by pressure-driven nanofiltration. Monovalent ions of sodium and chloride of saline water are exchanged for equivalent concentrations of poly-valent ions (for example, sodium ions for magnesium ions or chloride ions for sulfate ions) when passed through ion exchangers in the form of those poly-valent ions. The resultant solution has a lower osmotic pressure than the initial solution containing monovalent sodium and chloride ions, and requires less transmembrane pressure for membrane desalination compared to traditional reverse osmosis. The concentrated reject stream from the membrane process is used as regenerant for the exhausted ion exchanger, which has been converted to monovalent anionic or cationic form.

The invention discloses an ecological risk evaluating method of an urban system. The method comprises the following steps of: (S1) acquiring year-by-year data information of an urban area to be researched and determining a pollutant used as a chemical risk source; (S2) establishing a class III multi-media fugacity / equivalent concentration model; (S3) estimating according to the year-by-year data information to obtain a model parameter and substituting the model parameter into the model to obtain a calculating value of pollutant concentration; (S4) obtaining a predicted value of the model parameter in a researched time segment according to the obtained year-by-year model parameter; (S5) substituting the model parameter predicted value into the model to obtain a pollutant concentration predicted value; and (S6) acquiring a predicted value of urban ecological risks brought by chemical pollutions. The ecological risk evaluating method of an urban system obtains the predicted values of time sequences and space distribution based on past and current ecological risk change conditions, serves for an implementation process of urban ecological planning and is helpful to formulating and implementing more scientific and reasonable urban ecological planning.

The catalyst consists of Cu, Zn, Al2O3 and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and has the constituents including Cu 10-55 wt%, Zn 4-30 wt%, Al 0-7.5 wt% and CNTs 5-80 wt%. The CNTs are multilayer wall ones with outer diameter of 10-50 nm, inner diameter of 2-4 nm, carbon content over 99 wt%, graphite carbon content over 80 wt%, and specific surface area of 100-160 sq m / g. The catalyst is prepared through preparing solution A of nitrate in the material metal components; preparing solution B of Na2CO3 in the equivalent concentration; coprecipitating reaction in a reactor with CNTs by dropping solution A and solution B in equal speed at 353K or soaking CNTs in mixed water or ethanol solution of nitrate; drying and burning. The catalyst has high and stable activity, high CO converting rate and high methanol yield.

The present application is directed to systems methods and methods for monitoring phenanthrene equivalent concentrations in an aqueous stream. One or more sources of electromagnetic radiation at different wavelengths may be directed into a sample of the aqueous stream and the resulting fluorescence at various wavelengths is detected. The detected fluorescence is then used to determine the phenanthrene equivalent concentration.

The invention discloses an optical level quartz crystal temperature-changing temperature differential method growth technology, comprising the following steps that: firstly, raw materials of seed crystal and quartzite are washed, deionized water and a growth-promoting media are prepared, and a high-pressure autoclave is washed by ionized water and is drained off by a membrane pump; secondly, a raw material basket holding the quartzite is put in the washed autoclave, the prepared grow-promoting media and a seed crystal bracket hung with the seed crystal are poured into the autoclave, the liquid level is measured, and the autoclave opening is sealed; thirdly, a temperature control system is started, the high-pressure autoclave is heated, the parameters of temperature, pressure and time of the sealed high-pressure autoclave are adjusted so that the quartz crystal is grown and formed. The optical level quartz crystal temperature-changing temperature differential method growth technology is characterized by determining the lineage grade of the seed crystal, the a equivalent concentration of the grow-promoting media, the parameter of a filling degree of the autoclave, the temperature changing and differential parameter and the pressure parameter of the heated high-pressure autoclave. According to the quartz crystal produced by the technology, the lineage index is more than the grade A, the etch channel density is less than 10 strips per centimeter<2>, the value of Q is more than or equal to 3.0x10<6>, an inclusion is higher than the Ia type, the optical uniformity delta n is less than or equal to 5x10<-6>, and the spectrum transmission ratio is more than 95 percent when the wavelength is between 800 and 2, 500 nanometers.

The invention relates to a method for chrome-nickel-molybdenum composite electroplating of a thread surface of a pipe joint special for an oil well pipe, and belongs to the technical field of metal pipe surface treatment. The method is characterized in that: novel chrome-nickel-molybdenum composite electroplating solution is adopted, wherein the equivalent concentration ratio of Cr3+ / Ni2+ / MoO42- is (1-3) / 5 / (1-3); in an electroplating process, the current density is 10-30A / dm<2>, the temperature of the electroplating solution is 40 to 60DEG C, and the electroplating time is 2 to 3 hours; and finally, a chrome-nickel-molybdenum composite coating is formed on the thread surface of the pipe joint. The thread surface of the pipe joint of the oil well pipe, which is treated by the method, has the carrier density and weight loss farther lower than those of a non-electroplated thread surface of a pipe joint. Therefore, the threads of the pipe joint special for the oil well pipe, which are subjected to chrome-nickel-molybdenum composite electroplating treatment, have high corrosion resistance.

Increasing the molecular length of xanthan polymer makes a higher viscosity xanthan composition. Xanthan with higher specific viscosity characteristics provides more viscosity at equivalent concentration in food, industrial and oilfield applications. Methods for increasing the viscosity of xanthan include inducing particular key genes and increasing copy number of particular key genes.

The invention relates to a bypass concentration calibration system with a variable light path, belonging to the technical field of environmental optical measurement. The bypass concentration calibration system comprises a main transmitting light path unit and a main receiving light path unit, and a partition with through holes is arranged between the two units. In the invention, a bypass optical system is introduced, a light path space is increased, and sample cells with different lengths can be replaced during concentration calibration so as to obtain light paths with different lengths. Evenif a standard gas with one concentration is used, different equivalent concentrations can be obtained to realize multi-concentration calibration because the lengths of the sample cells are different.The invention has the function of changing the length of the sample cell so as to realize light path change, and meanwhile, since a calibrated light path is independent of a measured light path, whenan instrument is calibrated, the accuracy of the main light path is not influenced, and therefore, the operability and the flexibility of the instrument are increased, multiple equivalent concentrations can be obtained by using the standard gas with one concentration, and the operation cost of the instrument can be saved.

The invention relates to an inductively coupled plasma ion source gas protection method and an inductively coupled plasma ion source gas protection device. The inductively coupled plasma ion source gas protection device provided by the invention comprises a hollow gas shielding case body, wherein one end of the gas shielding case body is provided with a torch tube hole corresponding to a plasma torch tube and a gas inlet, and the other end of the gas shielding case body is provided with an opening communicated with the outside; the opening is against an inductively coupled plasma interface device; a water cooling device is arranged at the opening, and is in fit with the inductively coupled plasma interface device to form the gas outlet end of the gas shielding case body; and the gas outlet end of the gas shielding case body is communicated with the outside. By the inductively coupled plasma ion source gas protection method and the inductively coupled plasma ion source gas protection device provided by the invention, inductively coupled plasmas (ICP) are positioned in an inert gas atmosphere to radically eliminate or reduce interference formed by O, N, H, C and the like, reduce background equivalent concentration and improve a linear correlation coefficient and a detection limit.

The invention discloses a method for analyzing chloride ion content in acid copper plating bath, which comprises the following steps that: a. moving 50ml of copper plating bath into a 300ml beaker, slowly adding zinc powder while stirring until the blue color just disappears, and replacing out metal copper; b. filtering the replaced metal copper and leaving white filtrate; c. after the filtrate is fully precipitated, adding 20ml of 0.1N AgNo3 standard solution and 1ml of NH4Fe(SO4)2 indicator into the filtrate, dripping with 0.1N KSCN standard solution until the filtrate becomes reddish, and recording the volume of the consumed 0.1N KSCN standard solution; d. calculating the content of chloridion in the acid copper plating bath through the following formula: Cl-(mg / l)=709(20NAgNO3)-NKSCNVKSCN), wherein the NAgNO3 is the equivalent concentration volume of the AgNO3 standard solution; NKSCN is the equivalent concentration volume of the KSCN standard solution; and VKSCN is the volume of consumed KSCN standard solution. The analysis method not only omits an expensive UV spectrophotometer but also overcomes the interference of Cu2+ blue color so as to analyze the C1- in the acid copper plating bath with conventional solution.

A method for crystallizing L-beta-mercaptoalanine high-purity crystal is carried out by preparing L-beta-mercaptoalanine cathode electrolytic bath liquid by electrolyzing L-cystine, decompress concentrating for electrolytic bath liquid at 70-80 degree, reaching L-beta-mercaptoalanine equivalent concentration in concentrate to 6-8N, reaching hydrochloric acid equivalent concentration 1.2-2 times of L-beta-mercaptoalanine, agitating at 1-6 degree, lowering temperature to 8-12 degree, laying aside and crystallizing. The crystal grain size is coarse, uniform, transparent, net and diamond, the length is 4-5 mm, and width and thickness are 2-3 mm. It has 5 times re-crystallization and better purity.

A cracking catalyst comprises a rare earth ultra-stable Y-zeolite and a matrix, the matrix comprises a silicon oxide binder, the rare earth ultra-stable Y-zeolite is obtained by the method including the following steps: the ultra-stable Y-zeolite and the acid solution with the equivalent concentration of 0.01N to 2N are mixed within the temperature range of 20 DEG C to 100 DEG C in the liquid-solid weight ratio of 4 to 20; washing and filtration are carried out after stirring for 10 minutes to 300 minutes; rare earth salt solution is then added for carrying out the rare earth ion exchange; and washing, filtration and drying are carried out after the exchange. The catalyst of the invention is used for catalytic cracking of heavy oil, the conversion rate is high, the yield of gasoline is high and the coke yield is low.

Increasing the molecular length of xanthan polymer makes a higher viscosity xanthan composition. Xanthan with higher specific viscosity characteristics provides more viscosity at equivalent concentration in food, industrial and oilfield applications. Methods for increasing the viscosity of xanthan include inducing particular key genes and increasing copy number of particular key genes.

The invention discloses a detection method of water body genetic toxicity of urban drinking water. The detection method comprises the steps of treating a water sample with a reverse osmosis technology; performing solid phase extraction on a condensed water sample subjected to reverse osmosis treatment; and performing Ames experiment and recombinant E. coli-SOS effect and comet experiments, so as to obtain equivalent concentration of the genetic toxicity effect. According to the method of measuring water body genetic toxicity through reverse osmosis-solid phase extraction-grouped genetic toxicity experiments, the water body genetic toxicity can be evaluated comprehensively, and the problems of complex pre-treatment, large use amount of an organic reagent in the water body genetic toxicity measurement and the like are solved. The method is convenient to operate, consumes less time, and has high detection sensitivity and low operation risk.

The invention belongs to the technical field of atmospheric environment measurement, and concretely relates to a multi-chamber serial connection gas sample cell with a built-in reflecting mirror. Thesample cell comprises a sample cell main body and the quartz reflecting mirror; the sample cell main body comprises a first sample cell and at least one second sample cell which are serially connected, and the two types of sample cells are separated by a quartz window; and the quartz reflecting mirror is placed in the first sample cell, the reflecting mirror faces the middle quartz window, and a quartz window is arranged at the front end of the at least one second sample cell. The first sample cell and the at least one second sample cell are serially uses an introduced sample gas in order to achieve multiple equivalent concentrations of a single concentration gas; and the quartz reflecting mirror is arranged in the sample cell to make lights reflected in the sample cell, so light path adjustment is simplified. The gas sample cell overcomes the shortcoming that existing sample cells only can calibrate one equivalent concentration of one concentration sample gas, improves the use efficiency and the working efficiency of the sample gas, reduces the error in the gas calibration process, is convenient to operate and is easy to manufacture.

The invention relates to a method for producing cellulosed molded articles having a functional effect. The method is characterized by charging cellulosed fibers or films with incorporated ion exchangers having bactericidal metal ions and / or ionic pharmaceutical active substances in such a manner that a depot of these active substances is built up in the fiber. Said depot time releases the active substances in the amount of the corresponding equivalent concentration when the fibers and films are used in aqueous solutions. The invention also relates to molded articles produced according to the inventive method.

A method for forming colloidal particles by boiling a solution containing a metal salt and a reducing agent; and a method for preparing a colloidal solution wherein the concentration of the metal salt in the solution is 1×10−4 mol / L or more and less than 4×10−4 mol / L; the equivalent concentration of the reducing agent is four times or more and 20 times or less the equivalent concentration of the metal salt; and the reaction time is 60 minutes or more and 300 minutes or less. A carrier wherein colloidal particles are fixed on the surface of a substrate by applying the colloidal solution prepared by the above-described method. Methods for manufacturing a fuel cell cathode, a fuel cell anode, and a low temperature oxidation catalyst wherein a colloidal solution prepared in the state wherein a solution containing a metal salt and a reducing agent is boiled to remove dissolved oxygen is applied to a substrate and colloidal particles are fixed on the substrate.

One aspect of the present invention provides a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery including a sulfur-containing positive electrode, a negative electrode, a cation exchange resin layer interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, a positive electrode electrolyte, and a negative electrode electrolyte. The positive electrode electrolyte contains lithium polysulfide, and a sulfur equivalent concentration of the positive electrode electrolyte is higher than the sulfur equivalent concentration of the negative electrode electrolyte. Another aspect of the present invention provides a nonaqueous electrolyte secondary battery including a sulfur-containing positive electrode, a negative electrode, a cation exchange resin layer interposed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolyte. At least one of the positive electrode and the negative electrode includes a cation exchange resin, and a concentration of an anion contained in the nonaqueous electrolyte is 0.7 mol / l or less.