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68results about How to "Absorption of heat" patented technology

Fire extinguishing by explosive pulverisation of projectile based frozen gases and compacted solid extinguishing agents

InactiveUS7478680B2Enhance state artRate of successful fire intervention, containment and effective extinguishing is veryAmmunition projectilesFire rescueTerrainEngineering
This invention relates to a forest, terrain and urban fire fighting device and method, and more particularly, to a fire extinguishing system and method offering reduced risk of fire spread and safety of firemen. This extinguishing device consists of an encapsulated cryogenic projectile with a payload of solidified and frozen mixture of carbon dioxide, nitrogen, combination of gases and compacted solid extinguishing agents. These strategically located and cryogenically stored devices are launched at the outbreak of fire, aerially or terrestrially over a blaze. An embedded explosive charge is detonated at a predetermined and optimum height causing the solidified gases / compacted solid extinguishing agents to be dispersed instantaneously and forcefully over targeted and specified areas. The release of high pressure, low temperature oxygen exclusion gases penetrate the fire from above, chills the substrate and extinguishes the fire. As carbon dioxide is heavier than air it hangs as a cloud over the extinguished substratum effectively preventing reignition. Fly ash, fine quarry dust or any solid or semisolid extinguishing agent can also be made to disperse under force over the fires in the same mode which cuts off the oxygen supply to the burning substrates. By effectively checking and cooling the fuel complex substrate by successive pulverizations as needed this invention enables a low cost, scalable, and effective urban, terrain and forest fire intervention / extinguishing process.
Owner:SRIDHARAN VINAYAGAMURTHY +1

Process for formulating a liquid animal feed ingredient containing sugar and neutralized carboxylic acid

The present invention provides a process that can utilize aqueous sugar-bearing sources, including food commodities, food-processing by-products, fermentation by-products, or other industrial by-products, in the making of a liquid animal feed ingredient that contains sugar and carboxylic acid salt. In general, the process according to the invention comprises mixing: (a) an aqueous sugar-bearing source characterized by having: (i) a total monosaccharide and disaccharide sugar content of at least 5.0 weight percent based on the amount of the aqueous sugar-bearing source, and more preferably, an invert sugar content of at least 5.0 weight percent based on the amount of the aqueous sugar-bearing source; and (ii) a water content of at least 10 weight percent; (b) carboxylic acid having in the range of 1-8 carbon atoms; and (c) inorganic base; wherein the step of mixing the carboxylic acid and the inorganic base is at least partially performed in the presence of the aqueous sugar-bearing source, and wherein the proportions of the aqueous sugar-bearing source, carboxylic acid, and inorganic base are selected such that: (i) the total monosaccharide and disaccharide sugar concentration is at least 3.0 weight percent of the resulting mixture; (ii) the carboxylic acid equivalent concentration is at least 0.5 equivalent per 1,000 g of the resulting mixture; (iii) the pH of the resulting mixture is at least 3.5; and (iv) the viscosity of the resulting mixture is less than about 40,000 centipoise when measured at about room temperature and at about standard atmospheric pressure. The inorganic base at least partially neutralizes the carboxylic acid to form the carboxylic acid salt in the resulting animal feed ingredient and the aqueous sugar-bearing source absorbs at least some of the heat of neutralization.
Owner:WESTWAY FEED PRODS
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