Functionalized Maleated Fatty Acids as Non Acidic Fluid Additives

Inactive Publication Date: 2012-03-01
BAKER HUGHES INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0007]There is provided, in one non-limiting form, a method of improving the lubricity of a hydrocarbon fuel that involves adding to the hydrocarbon fuel an effective amount of functionalized maleated fatty acid that is an ester, imide and/or amide to improve the lubricity thereof. The functionalized maleated fatty acid is made by a process including reacting an unsaturated fatty acid with an unsaturated compound selected from the group consisting of an unsaturated anhydride, a maleimide, and mixtures thereo

Problems solved by technology

The problem is general to diesel fuels, kerosene and gasolines, however, most of the studies have concentrated on the first two hydrocarbon fuels.
Unfortunately, many commercially available fatty acids and fatty acid blends tend to freeze or form crystals at lower temperatures common during winter weather.
The freezing or formation of crystals makes handling of the additives, and particularly their injection into fuel, difficult.
However, addition of a solvent may

Method used

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  • Functionalized Maleated Fatty Acids as Non Acidic Fluid Additives
  • Functionalized Maleated Fatty Acids as Non Acidic Fluid Additives
  • Functionalized Maleated Fatty Acids as Non Acidic Fluid Additives

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

examples 1-5

Preparation of Functionalized Maleated Fatty Acid Products

example 1

[0029]The preparation of maleated fatty acid: In a typical reaction, oleic acid (100 g) and maleic anhydride (25 g) were charged into a 250 ml 3-neck flask under nitrogen. The mixture was heated sequentially up to 240° C. for 30 hrs until the reaction was completed. The reaction was monitored by FT-infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) as is known to those skilled in the art. The final product was diluted by aromatic solvent to a concentration of 90% active and marked as Example 1.

[0030]Above is a representative structure of Example 1 material.

example 2

[0031]Oleic acid (100.1 g) and maleic anhydride (25.3 g) were mixed in a 3-neck flask. The mixture was heated sequentially up to 240° C. until the reaction is completed as monitored by FT-IR. The reaction mixture was first cooled to room temperature, and then ethanolamine (38.0 g) was added drop-wise while stirring. After the addition was completed, the reaction temperature was first set at 80° C., and then raised to 180° C. sequentially in 2 hours. The reaction process was monitored by FT-IR and acid number analysis. A second batch of ethanolamine (6.0 g) was added after 8 hrs reaction time. The reaction was stopped when the acid number is below 3. The final product was diluted with aromatic solvent to a concentration of 80% active and marked as Example 2.

[0032]Above is a representative structure of Example 2.

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Abstract

Maleated fatty acids that are functionalized with materials such as polyols, alkanolamines and/or alkylene oxides have been discovered to improve the properties of various fluids. In a non-limiting example, functionalized maleated fatty acids having acid numbers less than 10 may improve the lubricity of fuels and lubricants, such as hydrocarbon fuels and lubricants, when added thereto.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD[0001]The present invention relates to methods and compositions for improving the properties of various fluids, and more particularly relates, in one non-limiting embodiment, to methods and compositions for hydrocarbon fuel lubricity additives made from maleic anhydride and fatty acids.TECHNICAL BACKGROUND[0002]It is well known that in many internal combustion engines the fuel is also the lubricant for the fuel system components, such as fuel pumps and injectors. Many studies of fuels with poor lubricity have been conducted in an effort to understand fuel compositions that have poor lubricity and to correlate lab test methods with actual field use. The problem is general to diesel fuels, kerosene and gasolines, however, most of the studies have concentrated on the first two hydrocarbon fuels.[0003]Previous work has shown that saturated, monomeric and dimeric, fatty acids of from 12 to 54 carbon atoms used individually give excellent performance as fuel lubricity aids ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C10L1/19C10M129/70C10M133/16C10L1/224
CPCC10L1/1905C10N2240/10C10L1/224C10L10/04C10L10/08C10M129/72C10M133/16C10M2207/282C10M2207/283C10M2207/289C10M2215/08C10M2215/082C10M2215/086C10N2220/021C10N2230/06C10N2230/12C10N2240/04C10L1/191C10N2020/04C10N2030/06C10N2030/12C10N2040/04C10N2040/25
Inventor YANG, JIANZHONGBIGGERSTAFF, PAUL J.WEERS, JERRY J.
Owner BAKER HUGHES INC
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