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Integrated process for carbon capture and energy production

a carbon capture and energy production technology, applied in the direction of energy input, machine/engine, energy input, etc., can solve the problems of increasing the cost of current methods, and the inability to meet the needs of current methods, etc., to reduce and/or eliminate co2 emissions, less complex equipment, and cost-effective

Active Publication Date: 2016-06-16
SOLVCOR TECH LLC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The patent text describes a new method for reducing and eliminating carbon dioxide emissions. The method involves capturing carbon dioxide and then using a draw solution to form a solution of ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate, or ammonium carbamate. This solution is then decomposed to form ammonia and carbon dioxide. The decomposing can be done using low grade heat or without high temperature equilibrium. The method can also be implemented using an osmotic engine. The invention offers a new and effective way to reduce carbon dioxide emissions and produce useful nitrogen compounds.

Problems solved by technology

Climate change due to increasing amounts of greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere poses one of the greatest threats to mankind and world's ecosystems as a whole.
Unfortunately, in order to be effective the captured CO2 must then be disposed as opposed to released to the environment.
The disposal methods developed thus far are very inadequate.
Unfortunately, such current methods often require complex apparatuses, are expensive to implement, consume vast amounts of energy, and / or usually do not yield usable or saleable products.

Method used

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  • Integrated process for carbon capture and energy production
  • Integrated process for carbon capture and energy production
  • Integrated process for carbon capture and energy production

Examples

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examples of specific embodiments

Example 1

Pressure Retarded Osmosis Waste Heat Recovery System with Carbon Capture Using Pressurization and Depressurization

[0073]A specific embodiment of the instant invention is shown in FIG. 1. In this embodiment low grade heat is used to simultaneously capture carbon dioxide and generate electricity using osmotic gradients engineered using a heat exchange process. As shown, flue gas comprising carbon dioxide is contacted with ammonia to form the High Concentration Solution. The High Concentration Solution is used as a draw solution and comprises ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate or mixture thereof formed from at least a portion of captured carbon dioxide. The heat exchange process uses a pressurization and depressurization system, which pressurizes the system to release CO2(g) during carbon capture and depressurizes the system to release NH3(g) to recreate the high concentration draw solution.

[0074]Specifically, pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) and a thermolytic salt (e.g. ...

example 2

Forward Osmosis Waste Heat Recovery System with Carbon Capture Using Pressurization and Depressurization

[0077]Another specific embodiment of the instant invention is shown in FIG. 2. The system previously described above in Example 1 can be used as a forward osmosis water purification / desalination process that recovers heat in the system through electricity production, water desalination, and carbon capture. The system in Example 1 can be converted to a forward osmosis process by utilizing saline water (e.g. sea water or waste water) as the LC feed solution and sending desalinated water out of the system for sale or other purpose following the heat exchange process, rather than recycling the water to replenish the feed / LC solution. The system has all of the functionalities of the system in example 1 and desalinates water through forward osmosis.

example 3

Pressure Retarded Osmosis Waste Heat Recovery System with Carbon Sequestration Through the Production of Urea

[0078]Another specific embodiment of the instant invention is shown in FIG. 3. The system uses low grade heat to simultaneously generate electricity, and capture and sequester CO2 in the form of ammonium carbamate, which is subsequently converted to urea. The pressurization and depressurization heat exchange process is employed to concentrate NH3 and capture excess CO2. The concentrated NH3 and low concentration CO2 gas stream created in the heat exchange process is contacted with an organic solvent to react and form ammonium carbamate.

[0079]The system continuously feeds NH3(g) and CO2(g) to recreate the HC draw solution in the electricity generation process. Therefore, in a version of the ammonium carbamate / urea production system, NH3 is not recycled, although NH3 may be recycled or recovered if desired. The concentrated NH3 and lower concentration CO2 (Note: the concentrati...

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Abstract

The present invention pertains to new methods for generating energy and useful nitrogen compounds from captured carbon dioxide. It involves employing an osmotic engine, draw solution, and feed solution. An osmotic gradient between the solutions assists in generating energy and a solution of ammonium carbonate, ammonium bicarbonate or mixture thereof. This solution may be decomposed to form ammonia, carbon dioxide, a precipitate, or a mixture thereof.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application claims priority to U.S. provisional patent application 62 / 090,272 filed Dec. 10, 2014; U.S. provisional patent application 62 / 106,822 filed Jan. 23, 2015; and U.S. provisional patent application 62 / 159,481, filed May 11, 2015, each of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0002]The inventions relate to methods and systems to generate electricity and / or useful compounds from captured carbon dioxide.BACKGROUND AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION[0003]Climate change due to increasing amounts of greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere poses one of the greatest threats to mankind and world's ecosystems as a whole. Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the most significant contributors to climate change, making up approximately 77% of the world's greenhouse gas emissions by some estimates. Many of the CO2 emissions are due to, for example, combustion from power plants or other industrial facilities.[0...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C01C1/26C01B31/20H02K7/18C07C273/10C07C269/00C01C1/02C07C269/06C01B32/50
CPCC01C1/26C01C1/026C01B31/20H02K7/1823C07C273/10C07C269/00C07C269/06C07C273/04B01D53/343B01D53/58B01D53/62B01D2251/206B01D2251/60B01D2251/606B01D2252/10B01D2252/202B01D2252/205B01D2257/406B01D2257/504B01D2258/0283Y02P20/129C01B32/50Y02C20/40Y02E50/30Y02P20/10Y02P20/50Y02P20/151B01D61/06
Inventor NOVEK, ETHAN
Owner SOLVCOR TECH LLC
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