The invention discloses a medical breath testing device which has the advantages of low testing cost, simple process, short time, accurate result and wide application. The device comprises a sample introduction port, a sampling pump, a six-way valve, a gas carrying cylinder, an adsorption tube, a chromatographic column, a surface acoustic wave detector and a data process system, wherein the six-way valve is respectively connected with the sample introduction port, the gas carrying cylinder, a first end of the adsorption tube, a second end of the adsorption tube, the sampling pump and one end of the chromatographic column; the other end of the chromatographic column is connected with the surface acoustic wave detector, the output end of which accesses into the data process system. The invention further discloses a testing method utilizing the device.