94 results about "Variable bit rate vbr" patented technology

A moving picture variable bit rate coding apparatus receives digitized moving pictures and subjects them to coding according to a variable bit rate method using real time processing in response to the input of the pictures. The apparatus performs variable bit rate coding in real time by sequentially performing blocking, conversion processing, quantization processing, and generation of bit streams in response to the input of digitized moving picture data, and setting a quantization scale used for quantization corresponding to a quantity of generated bit streams to perform coding processing and control of quantization in parallel.

A method of billing a variable bit rate communication between a first terminal and a distant terminal to a broadband subscriber permits changing billing parameters during a call in real time in response to user inputs including user requested changes in quality of service, changes in data rate and changes in preferred service provider. A variable bit rate communication to be billed has a variable quality of service related to the degree of utilization of a plurality of different networks. The billing method comprises the steps of i.) receiving user identification data at a first terminal and data representing a required bit rate and a default quality of service selected by the user, ii.) verifying the user identification data to be associated with the broadband service subscriber, iii.) determining least cost alternative network resources available for achieving the communication at the user selected default quality of service and the required bit rate, iv.) determining cost data associated with the network resources, v.) outputting to the user a least cost for the communication according to their selected default quality of service and alternative least cost network resources, vi.) coupling the first terminal and the distant terminal via the least cost determined network resources at the default quality of service and the required bit rate responsive to user authorization and vii.) billing for the communication at the default quality of service and according to the required bit rate after the termination of the communication.

A system and method for real time transmission of variable bit rate MPEG video traffic with consistent quality, wherein each frame is encoded with quantization parameter generated from an encoder rate controller, and encoded data is transmitted to an encoder buffer. Transmission rate about each frame interval is determined by a channel rate controller at the beginning of the frame interval. Data transmission buffered at the encoder buffer is first regulated by Leaky Bucket counter, and the regulated data is transferred to a decoder buffer in a video receiving system through network. The encoder rate controller and channel rate controller included in the VBR video transmission system control the transmission rate generated from the video encoder and that from the network with satisfying imposed constrained conditions, respectively.

An apparatus for measuring a roundtrip delay time associated with communication of multimedia data is provided. In one embodiment, the apparatus comprises a video encoder for encoding multimedia data to produce encoded multimedia data; a transmission rate controller for controlling transmission rate of the encoded multimedia data according to an effective transmission rate; and a first sending / receiving unit for sending the multimedia data via a first channel.

A source-controlled Variable bit-rate Multi-mode WideBand (VMR-WB) codec, having a mode of operation that is interoperable with the Adaptive Multi-Rate wideband (AMR-WB) codec, the codec comprising: at least one Interoperable full-rate (I-FR) mode, having a first bit allocation structure based on one of a AMR-WB codec coding types; and at least one comfort noise generator (CNG) coding type for encoding inactive speech frame having a second bit allocation structure based on AMR-WB SID_UPDATE coding type. Methods for i) digitally encoding a sound using a source-controlled Variable bit rate multi-mode wideband (VMR-WB) codec for interoperation with an adaptative multi-rate wideband (AMR-WB) codec, ii) translating a Variable bit rate multi-mode wideband (VMR-WB) codecsignal frame into an Adaptive Multi-Rate wideband (AMR-WB) signal frame, iii) translating an Adaptive Multi-Rate wideband (AMR-WB) signal frame into a Variable bit rate multi-mode wideband (VMR-WB) signal frame, and iv) translating an Adaptive Multi-Rate wideband (AMR-WB) signal frame into a Variable bit rate multi-mode wideband (VMR-WB) signal frame are also provided.

A source-controlled Variable bit-rate Multi-mode WideBand (VMR-WB) codec, having a mode of operation that is interoperable with the Adaptive Multi-Rate wideband (AMR-WB) codec, the codec comprising: at least one Interoperable full-rate (I-FR) mode, having a first bit allocation structure based on one of a AMR-WB codec coding types; and at least one comfort noise generator (CNG) coding type for encoding inactive speech frame having a second bit allocation structure based on AMR-WB SID_UPDATE coding type. Methods for i) digitally encoding a sound using a source-controlled Variable bit rate multi-mode wideband (VMR-WB) codec for interoperation with an adaptative multi-rate wideband (AMR-WB) codec, ii) translating a Variable bit rate multi-mode wideband (VMR-WB) codecsignal frame into an Adaptive Multi-Rate wideband (AMR-WB) signal frame, iii) translating an Adaptive Multi-Rate wideband (AMR-WB) signal frame into a Variable bit rate multi-mode wideband (VMR-WB) signal frame, and iv) translating an Adaptive Multi-Rate wideband (AMR-WB) signal frame into a Variable bit rate multi-mode wideband (VMR-WB) signal frame are also provided.

A system and method is provided for variable bit rate encoding using a complexity ratio. Quantization parameter is calculated using a complexity ratio, which is equal to a local complexity divided by a global complexity. Complex pictures are allocated a larger bit budget relative to simple pictures. With the larger bit budget the quality of complex pictures can be maintained while reducing the overall size of the encoded video stream.

A method of controlling an encoding (bit) rate and a method of transmitting video data, and an encoding (bit) rate controller for a video encoder and a video data transmission system employing the methods, wherein the number of bits is allocated to a current picture on the basis of previous encoding results without defining a relation between an encoding rate and the distortion, the limited number of bits is not forced when features of the current picture are different from those of the previous pictures, and a quantizer scale is set adaptively to various features of the current picture without using an additional number of bits corresponding to variation of the quantizer scale, so that it is possible to improve the picture quality of video data to be displayed on a monitor by using such real time variable bit-rate control.

In a method of transmitting video data over a packet network, an input video stream is fed to a compressor that generates a compressed output stream. The compressor determines a target bit rate for the output stream based on desired picture quality. A traffic management unit a determines the available bit rate for the compressed data stream based on network condition. The output is adjusted if the target bit rate exceeds the granted bit rate.

An encoder uses multi-pass VBR control strategies to provide constant or relatively constant quality for VBR output while guaranteeing (within tolerance) either compressed file size or, equivalently, overall average bitrate. The control strategies include various techniques and tools, which can be used in combination or independently. For example, in a first pass, an audio encoder encodes a sequence of audio data partitioned into variable-size chunks. In a second pass, the encoder encodes the sequence according to control parameters to produce output of relatively constant quality. The encoder sets checkpoints in the second pass to adjust the control parameters and / or subsequent checkpoints. The encoder selectively considers a peak bitrate constraint to limit peak bitrate. The encoder stores auxiliary information from the first pass for use in the second pass, which increases the speed of the second pass. Finally, the encoder compares signatures for the input data to check consistency between passes.

Systems and methods are provided for allocating bits to pictures in accordance with the bit allocation constraints for operation at both constant and variable bit rates. A statistical complexity measure which is an estimate of the average encoding complexity of the entire data is updated after encoding each picture. This set of parameters, along with an estimate of the encoding complexity of the current picture and the desired average coding rate is used to allocate target bits for encoding the current picture. One method of allocating bits to a picture is to used the statistical complexity measure to vary the instantaneous rate of encoding and allocate bits for this picture so as to generate encoded data at this rate. Another method is to modulate the target generated by a conventional encoder using the current level of the Virtual Buffer Verifier and the deviation of the estimated encoding complexity of the current picture from the statistical complexity measures.

The present invention relates to a gain quantization method and device for implementation in a technique for coding a sampled sound signal processed, during coding, by successive frames of L samples, wherein each frame is divided into a number of subframes and each subframe comprises a number N of samples, where N<L. In the gain quantization method and device, an initial pitch gain is calculated based on a number f of subframes, a portion of a gain quantization codebook is selected in relation to the initial pitch gain, and pitch and fixed-codebook gains are jointly quantized. This joint quantization of the pitch and fixed-codebook gains comprises, for the number f of subframes, searching the gain quantization codebook in relation to a search criterion. The codebook search is restricted to the selected portion of the gain quantization codebook and an index of the selected portion of the gain quantization codebook best meeting the search criterion is found.

A technique is disclosed for controlling data packet transmissions from a server to a client having a client buffer in accordance with a waiting mode and a dynamic mode. The waiting mode is performed before packets containing data encoded subject to a current bit rate have reached the client buffer; the dynamic mode is performed otherwise. In the waiting mode, down-switches to lower bit rates are allowed but up-switches to higher bit rates are disabled. In the dynamic mode, up-switches and down-switches are both allowed, with adjustments in the bit rate of packets controlled based, in part, on the amount of data contained within the client buffer when packets containing data encoded subject to the current bit rate first reached the client buffer. The two modes help avoid unnecessary rate switches.

A processor includes a scheduler operative to schedule data blocks for transmission from a plurality of queues or other transmission elements, utilizing at least a first table and a second table. The first table may comprise at least first and second first-in first-out (FIFO) lists of entries corresponding to transmission elements for which data blocks are to be scheduled in accordance with a first scheduling algorithm, such as a weighted fair queuing scheduling algorithm. The scheduler maintains a first table pointer identifying at least one of the first and second lists of the first table as having priority over the other of the first and second lists of the first table. The second table includes a plurality of entries corresponding to transmission elements for which data blocks are to be scheduled in accordance with a second scheduling algorithm, such as a constant bit rate or variable bit rate scheduling algorithm. Association of a given one of the transmission elements with a particular one of the second table entries establishes a scheduling rate for that transmission element. The scheduler maintains a second table pointer identifying a current one of the second table entries that is eligible for transmission.

An encode control strategy is provided for variable bit rate encoding of a sequence of video frames in a single pass. The control strategy includes determining whether a video frame has a complexity level statistically outside a defined range from a complexity level of at least one preceding frame of the sequence of video frames, and if so, determining a new average bit rate target for the video frame. The new average bit rate for the video frame is determined employing at least one of spatial complexity and temporal complexity of the video frame. The new average bit rate target for the video frame is used to set frame level bit rate control parameter(s), and the video frame is encoded using the set frame level bit rate control parameter(s).

Provided are video encoding and decoding methods and apparatuses for encoding a video by variably selecting one from two or more difference color formats. Accordingly, by using at least one of channel state information and a result of encoding a video in a predetermined encoding unit encoded in advance, whether or not to convert a video in a current encoding unit of an input RGB (red, green, blue) color format into a YCbCr color format is adaptively determined to perform encoding. Therefore, a video with uniform quality corresponding to a channel environment having a variable bit-rate can be provided.

A system and method for audio splicing (insertion) of an Ad audio stream in the compressed domain, where variable early delivery of the Ad audio stream and variable bit rate are allowed, without creating audio distortion, glitches, or other digital artefacts or errors, in the resultant audio stream is disclosed. The present system and method provides for a splice delay buffer which delays the first five Ad audio frames until transmission of the last frame of the primary audio stream, but before the splice time. Subsequent Ad audio frames are delayed by a fixed amount, where the fixed amount is greater than the frame delay of the primary audio stream, to allow for ease of splice back to the primary audio stream.

A method of compression is provided for transmission of digital video signals between an encoder buffer and a decoder buffer. A tunable delay is provided at the encoder, suitably in the form of a portion of encoder buffer memory, with data being read out to a communications channel at a rate determined by the input bit rate of signals received a predetermined number of frame periods later. Use of the tunable delay improves efficiency of decoder buffering by maintaining a relatively constant level of decoder buffer fullness irrespective of signal bit rates.

Compressed recorded video is to be transmitted over a variable bit-rate link, using bandwidth reservation. In order to determining the transmission rate that is to be used (and reserved) at any given time, in such a way as to make the two match so as to minimize wasted bandwidth, the data stream is split into chunks chosen such that the average bit rate for the chunk as a whole is no less that the average bit rate for any shorter chunk starting at the same point. The chunk can then be transmitted using this average rate without any buffering problems. Preferably one chooses chunks so that the average bit rate for the chunk is no less than that for any shorter or longer chunk starting at the same point. This has the benefit that a request for bandwidth never has to ask for an allocation that is higher than that specified in any previous such request. In systems that switch between streams of different degrees compression. the switching points can with advantage be chosen to coincide with the inter-chunk boundaries.

A media server having at least one of a stride-based storage device space allocation scheme, stride-based method of striping data across multiple storage devices for continuous media streaming, server-based smoothing of variable bit-rate streams, distributed architecture, and fault tolerance.

A method and system for enabling trick plays during a variable bit rate (VBR) playback of a media file transmitted to a user media device as a constant bit rate (CBR) flow includes determining a plurality of access points within the media file. The media file is configured to be played back from each of the plurality of access points. A minimum buffer value is calculated for each of the plurality of access points. The minimum buffer value identifies a minimum amount of the media file to transmit to the user media device before beginning playback of the media file from each of the plurality of access points to substantially ensure that the media file is configured to be played back from each of the plurality of access points continuously and uninterruptedly at a variable bit rate.

A method and apparatus for controlling a variable bit-rate voice codec are provided. The method of controlling the variable bit-rate voice codec may include: extracting calling capability of terminals that request a new call to be made; extracting network parameters from existing calls in the network through an exchanged packet; measuring voice quality of the existing calls based on the extracted network parameters; and determining whether to permit a new call to be made based on the measured voice quality and the calling capability. Accordingly, it is possible to secure QoS of a voice service between terminals by adjusting a transmission rate of the variable bit-rate codec based on transmission capability of a network.

A video encoding system encodes video streams for multiple bit rate video streaming using an approach that permits the encoded bit rate to vary subject to a peak bit rate and average bit rate constraints for higher quality streams, while a bottom bit rate stream is encoded to achieve a constant chunk rate. The video encoding system also dynamically decides an encoding resolution for segments of the multiple bit rate video streams that varies with video complexity so as to achieve a better visual experience for multiple bit rate streaming.

To provide a picture coding method and apparatus capable of achieving a high image quality coding and executing a variable bit rate coding in real time. A moving picture coding means codes input moving picture data with a quantization scale Qj given from an average bit rate adjusting means. Then, the moving picture coding means outputs a code quantity Sj towards a GOP complexity computing means and an average complexity computing means. The GOP complexity is calculated on the basis of quantization scale and code quantity in the coded GOP, while the average complexity is calculated on the basis of quantization scale and code quantity from the beginning to the present. Quantization scale Qgop is calculated on the basis of the GOP complexity and the average complexity. The average bit rate adjusting means modifies Qgop and determines quantization scale Qj in accordance with an excess or shortage of Sj.

Methods and apparatus for embedding a watermark in an information signal (MPin) are described. The watermark embedding process is controlled by at least one embedding parameter. The value of the embedding parameter is dependent upon the bit-rate of the information signal (MPin).

A method for encoding an image. The method comprises: dividing the image into a plurality of variable sized blocks, encoding each sub-block using variable bit rate encoding, storing the encoded sub-blocks, generating a marker matrix, and storing the marker matrix for use in decoding the image.

Method for dynamically optimizing bandwidth allocation in a variable bitrate conference environment. Conference means with two or more outputs are provided, where each one can output data at different rates, in order to support two or more endpoints which may have different media rates. Two or more endpoints are connected to these conference means for participating in the conference. Whenever more than one video rate is used by participants during the conference, each set of output rates is selected from all possible combinations of output rates in the conference means, wherein the lowest output rate in each selected set is the entry rate of the endpoint joining the conference at the lowest rate. A Quality Drop Coefficient (QDC) for each endpoint that joins the conference is determined for each selected set, wherein the QDC is computed according to the endpoint entry rate and the highest rate, among the output rates of each selected set, that is lower or equal to said endpoints' entry rate. A Quality Drop Value (QDV) is calculated for each of the selected sets, wherein, preferably, the set of output rates with the lowest QDV is determined as the optimal video rate set to select. The video rate of all the endpoints having a video rate above the highest optimal video rate is reduced to the highest optimal video rate, if required, and the video rate of other endpoints having video rate between two consecutive levels of optimal video rates is reduced to the lowest level among said levels. Whenever a change occurs in either the amount of participating endpoints in the conference or in the declared bit rate capability of the participating endpoints, the video rates of all the outputs are recalculated.

The present disclosure proposes a method of moving object detection in variable bit-rate video steams based on probabilistic neural networks, and the method features a background generation module and a moving object detection module. The background generation module produces a model of background images which express properties of variable bit-rate video streams. The moving object detection module distinguishes a moving object in both low and high bit-rate video steams in an efficient manner. The detection result is generated by calculating the output value of the probabilistic neural networks.

Disclosed is an apparatus for coding of variable bitrate wideband speech and audio, comprising: a) a speech and audio divider for dividing signals inputted to a CODEC into speech or audio signals; b) a narrowband coder for performing narrowband coding, in the case the divided input signals are speech signals; c) a bitrate modifier for modifying a bitrate for coding of a low frequency band and a bitrate for coding of a high frequency band, in the case the divided input signals are audio signals; and d) a wideband coder for performing coding by the modified bitrate in the bitrate modifier.

A method for efficiently allocating a bandwidth at an optical line terminal (OLT) for upstream transmission in an Ethernet passive optical network (EPON) system. An optical network unit (ONU) divides data to be transmitted into at least two groups that include a group with a constant bit rate (CBR) and a group with a variable bit rate (VBR), and requests a required bandwidth for each of the divided groups. The OLT allocates the requested bandwidth to the group with the CBR within a first bandwidth among an allocated bandwidth including the first bandwidth and a second bandwidth. The ONU transmits data using bandwidth allocated to the divided groups by the OLT.