The invention discloses a dust prevention and
control system and method for drilling of a
coal mine vertical shaft umbrella
drill. The dust prevention and
control system comprises ground high-negative-pressure dust removal equipment, a dynamic variable-
diameter balance pipeline and a dust suction hood. The ground high-negative-pressure dust removal equipment is used for conveying dust-containing
airflow subjected to negative-pressure extraction underground to the ground and carrying out dust removal treatment; the dynamic reducing balance pipeline is an annular pipeline composed of a plurality of pipeline sections, a starting end is set, the
pipe diameters of the pipeline sections are sequentially decreased from near to far according to the distance between the pipeline sections and the starting end, each pipeline section is provided with a dust suction opening, and on-way resistance and
dynamic pressure distribution of
airflow in the pipeline are adjusted through reducing, so that the dust suction efficiency is improved. Static
pressure balance in the dynamic reducing balance pipeline is realized; and the dust hood covers a drilling hole of the umbrella
drill and is used for sucking dust at the drilling hole. According to the
system, on the premise that working area water is not generated, efficient source
trapping of dust during drilling of the umbrella
drill can be achieved,
suction force of all drilling holes to the dust is basically balanced, and the dust removal effect of all the drilling holes is guaranteed.