The invention discloses a device and a method for testing the mechanical properties of a ceramic material under a constraint condition and belongs to the field of mechanical property test. The device comprises a force applying device, a constraining device and a data acquiring and processing system, wherein the force applying device comprises an alternating-current motor, a speed reducer, a firstsupporting bracket, a second supporting bracket, a supporting plate, a bearing, a coupler, a ball screw, a moveable nuts, a transmission platform, a force applying pressing head, a workbench, a firstpedestal and a first pressure sensor; the constraining device comprises a second pedestal, a first supporting plate, a second supporting plate, a baffle plate B, a loading component I, a loading component II and a second pressure sensor; the second pedestal of the constraining device is fixed on the workbench of the force applying device; and the data acquiring and processing system is respectively connected with the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor. According to the device, a stress is applied to the ceramic material by using a rigid material. The device is simple in structure, flexible, light and portable; and the test on the mechanical properties of the ceramic material is realized.