Aluminum alloy laser welding method

A laser welding and aluminum alloy technology, which is applied in the butt welding of aluminum alloy plates or profiles, and in the field of aluminum alloy laser welding, can solve the problems of threatening the health of operators, high sensitivity to thermal cracks, and burning of alloy elements, etc., to improve welding Effect of quality and welding efficiency, reduction of weld width and heat-affected zone width, improvement of welding strength

Inactive Publication Date: 2011-06-01
CRRC QINGDAO SIFANG CO LTD
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Problems solved by technology

[0005] Although welding aluminum alloys with laser has many advantages, because the process is immature, there are some problems in welding: ①The absorption of laser energy by aluminum alloy is very low; ②Alloy elements are seriously burned; ③It is easy to produce pores; ④ High thermal crack sensitivity
[0007] The strong reflection of the laser beam on the surface of the aluminum alloy not only causes the loss of most of the precious laser energy, but also seriously threatens the health of the operators

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Embodiment Construction

[0019] Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and specific embodiment the present invention is described in further detail:

[0020] As shown in Figure 1, the aluminum alloy laser welding method of the present invention adds a process of carrying out nano-metal oxide pretreatment on the part to be welded before laser welding, and the welding thickness is 5mm below, the width is 200mm, and the length is 1500mm aluminum alloy plate is taken as an example to describe in detail.

[0021] The laser welding machine adopts HL2006D type Nd:YAG continuous laser, the wavelength is 1.06 microns, the laser output is 0-2000W (average power), the single pulse energy is 0-200J, the pulse waveform can be set arbitrarily, 0.6mm optical fiber transmission, focusing lens The focal length is 200mm and the focal diameter is 0.6mm.

[0022] According to the characteristics that metal oxides have good absorption of laser light, and according to the quantum size effect, small size effect, su...

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Abstract

The invention relates to an aluminum alloy laser welding method. The method comprises the following steps: firstly carrying out nanometer metal oxide pretreatment on a part to be welded, namely, coating or spraying a nanometer metal oxide layer on the welding bead of an aluminum alloy weldment, wherein the nanometre metal oxide is nanometer yttrium oxide preferably; and then carrying out laser welding. By utilizing the method, the absorptivity of the aluminum alloy surface for laser can be greatly increased up to about 90%, thereby increasing the effective heating depth of the laser, deepening the weld penetration of a welding seam, effectively decreasing the width of the welding seam and the width of a thermal influence area, and improving the structure of the welding seam metal; the crystalline grain of an aluminum alloy welding joint under the action of the nanometre metal oxide can be refined, and finally the weld penetration can be relatively deep. Moreover, the thermal influence area is very small, and the weldment is beautiful in appearance and has fine inner structures.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for butt welding of aluminum alloy plates or profiles, in particular to a laser welding method for aluminum alloys, which belongs to the technical field of metal welding. Background technique [0002] Aluminum alloy not only has high specific strength, specific modulus, fracture toughness, fatigue strength and corrosion resistance stability, but also has good formability, so it has become the most widely used non-ferrous metal structural material, widely used in Structural materials for aviation, aerospace, high-speed rail trains or other vehicles. However, due to the unique physical and chemical properties of aluminum alloy materials, its unique weldability is determined. Therefore, the welding of aluminum alloys requires high-efficiency welding methods with high energy density, low welding heat input, and high welding speed. [0003] Aluminum alloy laser welding technology (Laser Welding) is a new technology develop...

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B23K26/20B23K26/42B23K26/24B23K26/60
Inventor 罗斌杨尚磊吕任远林君山孟立春丁叁叁陈文宾林庆琳
Owner CRRC QINGDAO SIFANG CO LTD
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