Novel method and apparatus for enriching and separating metal ions in sewage

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel method and a novel apparatus for enriching and separating metal ions in sewage. According to the invention, vessels are connected to two ends of a separating column filled with an ion exchange separation medium; a sewage sample and a high-concentration background ion solution are respectively added into the vessels; high direct-current voltage is applied on the two ends of the separating column; under the effect of electric fields, the metal ions in the sewage form electrophoresis currents, such that the metal ions are rapidly enriched to the ion exchange separation medium with a set orientation; based on a field reinforcing effect caused by a factor that the concentration of the background ion solution is higher than that of the sample solution, the metal ions are enriched into a narrow band at an inlet of a channel. The enriching apparatus is advantaged in convenient application, simple structure, compatibility with various detections, high enriching efficiency, high enriching speed, easy configuration, and easy operation. With the apparatus and the method, high-rate enrichment of trace-amount heavy metal ions which are hard to detect in water can be realized, and primary separation can be carried out upon different metal ions.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of enrichment and separation, in particular to a method for enriching and separating metal ions in sewage, and also relates to a device for enriching and separating metal ions in sewage. Background technique [0002] With the development of productivity and science and technology, heavy metal pollution has become a global environmental pollution problem, seriously affecting human health and even life. Due to the low levels of heavy metals present in environmental samples and foodstuffs, the detection of trace or even lower levels of components is often required, and the task of modern analytical chemistry is becoming more and more difficult. Although there are many instrumental analysis methods with high selectivity and sensitivity, because the content of the pollutant elements to be analyzed in the sample is extremely low, generally at the level of pg / L or even ng / L or ppb or even ppt, it is necessary to detect and a...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] These methods still have defects in the separation and enrichment of metal ions in sewage, especially the enrichment factor of trace metal ions is not high, and it is difficult to exclude the interference of other ions

Although the precipitation method can remove most of the heavy metal ions in the wastewater, the reaction speed is slow, and the piled sediment will cause secondary pollution

Evaporation and concentration process consumes a lot of energy, high operating costs, and impurities interfere with the recovery of heavy metal ions

Adsorption method is an effective method for removing heavy metal ions in water by using porous solid substances. The key technology of adsorption method is the selection of adsorbent. The traditional adsorbent is activated carbon. Activated carbon has strong adsorption capacity and high removal rate, but activated carbon The regeneration efficiency is low, the treated water quality is difficult to meet the reuse requirements, the price is expensive, and the application is limited

The main problem of the membrane separation method is that the membrane module is expensive, and the membrane is easily polluted during use, resulting in a decrease in flux and affecting the removal effect

Although the extraction and separation method has great advantages, there are certain limitations in the loss of solvent during the extraction process and the large energy consumption during the regeneration process.

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