This invention discloses a method for analyzing heavy
metal pollution sources in
groundwater based on characteristic
ion screening. This method utilizes multi-media collaborative sampling to determine the concentration of
heavy metals in
groundwater, the content of BCR
speciation in sediments, and the isotopic ratios of lead,
zinc, and
copper. Characteristic
ion combinations are extracted through a three-level screening process using enrichment factors,
ion ratio variation coefficients, and Pearson correlation. Three types of
fingerprint vectors—
water chemistry,
solid phase
speciation, and
isotopic composition—are normalized and fused, and candidate
pollution sources are matched using
cosine similarity. With
mass conservation as the primary likelihood and BCR
speciation and isotopic
mass balance as additional constraints, the
spatial distribution field and high-risk areas are obtained through
Kriging interpolation using the posterior mean of the MCMC output contribution rate and a 95%
confidence interval. This invention can identify four types of
pollution sources, reducing
reconstruction error by 73% compared to the PMF method, compressing the
confidence interval width by 65%–73%, and achieving a field compliance rate of 92%, providing quantitative evidence for
pollution prevention and control and accountability.