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Gradient-structured metal oxide and preparation method thereof

A gradient structure and oxide technology, applied in the direction of metal/metal oxide/metal hydroxide catalysts, chemical instruments and methods, structural parts, etc., can solve the problems of limiting the performance of electrode materials, reducing material performance, and poor conductivity. Achieve the effect of improving electrochemical efficiency, improving performance and reducing polarization

Inactive Publication Date: 2014-02-05
UNIV OF JINAN
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0007] In the study of metal oxides as catalyst supports, the disadvantages of poor conductivity of metal oxides have become increasingly prominent, and the electrode polarization caused by poor conductivity limits the performance of electrode materials.
In addition, in some other transition metal oxide catalysts that catalyze or involve gas-liquid-solid three-phase reactions, there is also a phenomenon that the material performance is reduced due to lack of power.

Method used

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  • Gradient-structured metal oxide and preparation method thereof
  • Gradient-structured metal oxide and preparation method thereof
  • Gradient-structured metal oxide and preparation method thereof

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0027] First, tetrabutyl titanate is used as raw material, after hydrolysis at room temperature for 2 hours, put into a 250ml three-necked flask, and react for three minutes under 700 watts of microwave power, at this time, TiO is formed in the solution. 2 as the core seed, and then gradually add the hydrolyzed CeCl to the reaction system 4 At this time, the content of Ce element in the growing crystal gradually increases from the inside to the outside, while the content of Ti element gradually decreases, finally forming nano-TiO 2 As the matrix, the gradient structure with increasing Ce element content gradually, CeCl 4 The dropping time of the hydrolyzate was controlled within 5 minutes, and finally a surface element distribution structure with an atomic ratio of Ti element and Ce element on the surface of 1:2 was formed. diagram 2-1 with Figure 2-2 single-phase TiO 2 And the XRD pattern of the material with Ce element to form a gradient distribution structure. The ele...

Embodiment 2

[0029] ZrOCl 2 It is the precursor of Zr. It is hydrolyzed at room temperature for 4 hours. During the hydrolysis process, a small amount of ammonia water can be added to control the pH value of the solution at about 10. At this time, ZrO is formed. 2 As the core seed crystal, the precursor solution was reacted under ultrasonic cavitation conditions, the ultrasonic power was 500W, and after three minutes of reaction, the injection pump was started to add pre-hydrolyzed TiCl 4 base precursor, the added TiCl 4 amount and ZrOCl 2 Equimolar amount, forming a gradient structure metal oxide with a gradually increasing ratio of Ti elements from the inside to the outside, TiCl 4 The addition time of the hydrolyzate is controlled within 3 to 5 minutes. After the addition is completed, continue ultrasonic cavitation for 20 minutes to obtain the designed ZrO 2 It is a substance with a gradient distribution of Ti element at the core, and the ratio of Ti element to Zr element on the sur...

Embodiment 3

[0031] With Ce(NO 3 ) 4 As a precursor, use ammonia water to adjust the pH value of the solution at about 12, pre-hydrolyze for 2 hours, put the hydrolyzed product into a 250ml three-necked flask, react for 2 minutes under 700W microwave and 300W ultrasonic conditions, and then start the injector to add 0.01 mol / liters of NH 4 F solution, NH 4 F solution was added within 5 minutes, NH 4 The molar ratio of the added molar amount of the F solution to the Ce element is 1:10, and the reaction is continued for 15 minutes to obtain CeO containing the F element. 2 Gradient structure oxide, CeO 2 The conductivity of the material is increased by about 20 times, and the ionic conductivity of the material is increased by about 10 times. As a methanol fuel cell catalyst, the polarization of the positive electrode is reduced by 50%.

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of functional materials and in particular relates to a gradient-structured metal oxide used for an anode and cathode material of a fuel cell as well as a reaction catalytic material of gas, liquid and solid phases and a preparation method thereof. The metal oxide has a heterogeneous structure which is formed from two or more elements, wherein one element is firstly to form a seed crystal, and then the second or more elements are added gradually to form the heterogeneous structures of different oxides. According to the gradient-structured metal oxide and the preparation method thereof, disclosed by the invention, efficiency of the gradient-structured metal oxide serving as a photocatalyst is improved or polarization of an electrochemical reaction process is reduced, and electrochemical efficiency is improved; and in comparison with traditional oxides with uniform structure, the gradient-structured metal oxide has higher photo-catalysis or electro-catalysis efficiency.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of functional materials, and in particular relates to a metal oxide with a gradient structure used for fuel cell positive and negative electrode materials and gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction catalytic materials and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] With the gradual deepening of fuel cell research, the disadvantages of traditional catalyst carbon supports such as low corrosion resistance, high cost and easy poisoning are increasingly apparent. In order to overcome the shortcomings of traditional catalysts, the research on non-carbon catalyst supports and non- / low-Pt catalysts has attracted the attention of scientific researchers. [0003] Yang Minli and Antolini respectively studied the research status of non-carbon catalyst supports, pointing out that metals, transition metal oxides and conductive polymers have shown some advantages compared with carbon materials, some transit...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01J23/10B01J21/06B01J27/06B01J23/83B01J32/00B01J35/02C02F1/30H01M4/90
CPCY02E60/50
Inventor 黄太仲于洁玫孙国新张以河牟宗刚种道皇陈长龙
Owner UNIV OF JINAN
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