Cu-Ni functionally gradient material and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a Cu-Ni functionally gradient material and a preparation method thereof. The functionally gradient material comprises an intermediate copper layer and two side nickel layers, wherein a gradient distribution layer is arranged between the copper layer and each nickel layer; and the copper content of the gradient distribution layer is decreased gradually and the nickel content is increased gradually to the directions of the nickel layers. The material is high in bending resistance, electric conductivity, heat conductivity and mechanical performance; various parts of the material are linked closely; the surface structure of the material is dense and flat; a stable NiO protective film can be formed on the surface of the material in the air at the temperature of 700 to 900 DEG C, so that substrate copper is effectively prevented from being oxidized; and therefore, the material has the characteristic of high surface oxidation resistance. According to the preparation method, aiming at the characteristics of the conventional Cu-Ni functionally gradient material, according to a diffusion basic theory, the method of electrodepositing Ni and interfusing Ni and Cu at the same time under the action of an electric field is adopted to accelerate the thickening of a gradient layer. The preparation method has the advantages that the formation speed of the gradient layer is high; the time required for preparing a thick gradient layer is short; and the method is easy to control and simple in process and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a gradient material, in particular to a Cu-Ni gradient material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] As a new type of material, gradient materials have been applied in nuclear energy, biomedicine, machinery, petrochemical, information, civil and aerospace fields. The key feature of the gradient material is to control the continuous change of the composition and structure of the interface, so that two or more materials with different properties can be well connected, thereby improving the performance and life of the material. Cu-Ni gradient materials have good seawater corrosion resistance and high temperature and oxidation resistance, and have broad application prospects in the fields of marine engineering and aerospace. [0003] There are no reports on the preparation of Cu-Ni gradient materials at home and abroad, but there are few reports on the preparation of Cu-Ni alloy materials in China. At p...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, this method still cannot prepare materials with gradient changes in Cu and Ni content.

[0007] The above analysis shows that there is no Cu-Ni gradient material and its preparation method at present. Even in the preparation of Cu-Ni alloy materials similar to this material, there are the following deficiencies: (1) During the preparation process, the surface of the alloy cannot be prepared. Gradient materials with high nickel content; (2) If the Ni composition in the Cu-Ni alloy is increased too high, the material will lose its good electrical conductivity and mechanical toughness; (3) It cannot be prepared with good high temperature oxidation resistance Materials with good electrical and thermal conductivity and mechanical properties

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