Multifunctional biomass heat conversion equipment and process

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass heat conversion, and particularly relates to equipment and a process for carbonizing, activating, pyrolysis gasification, catalytic cracking of a plurality of product roads. The equipment comprises a flue pipe, an activator (gasifying agent) inlet, an auxiliary activator (gasifying agent) inlet, a feeding hole, a feeding cover seal, a forced blanking shoveling board, a gear, a drive and transmission case, heat-insulating cotton, a riding wheel, a barrel angle adjusting bolt, a temperature measuring device, a combustion channel, a product channel, an angle adjusting screw, a discharge cover seal, a lighting-up tuyere, an explosion-proof opening, a combustion-supporting opening (viewing port), a discharge sealing valve and a discharge cooler. According to the invention, the multifunctional biomass heat conversion equipment simultaneously has the functions of carbonizing, activating, pyrolysis gasification, catalytic cracking by changing an inclination angle, a rotating speed and a sealing mode; a traditional direct combustion method is changed into a bolometric method, and the problems of low yield, serious ignition loss, non-uniform reaction, small yield, large consumption and temperature control difficulty in the biomass heat conversion process are solved from the technical aspect.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass heat conversion, and in particular relates to a multi-product carbonization, activation, pyrolysis gasification, and catalytic cracking equipment and process. Background technique [0002] At present, the carbonization equipment used in industry mainly includes earthen kiln, retort, vertical tank furnace, etc. These equipments have the advantages of simple structure and easy operation, but they have some disadvantages during production, such as earthen kiln occupies a large area , The temperature is not easy to control, it is entirely based on experience, the color of the smoke and the smell of the smoke are operated, and the smoke cannot be processed. The output of the retort is small, and it is operated intermittently, so it cannot be continuously produced, and the quality of each furnace is not uniform. The vertical tank furnace also has the disadvantages of large floor area, inability to migr...

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Problems solved by technology

There are three main problems: First, although the gasification equipment is diverse, the adaptability is not strong. Different gasifiers have different requirements for the type of raw material, the particle size of the raw material, and the moisture content of the raw material, and the engineering has not been truly realized. ; Second, the removal of tar in combustible gas is the biggest bottleneck of biomass gasification technology. At present, the general method of tar removal in combustible gas is a combination of physical and mechanical methods, and the combustible gas is purified by spraying, water bath, condensation, separation and other equipment , this traditional method can only remove part of the tar in the combustible gas, and there is still a considerable part of tar remaining in the combustible gas. The biggest problem with this method is that a large amount of water is wasted, and a large amount of tar black water pollution is likely to occur; the third is In the process of biomass gasification, bridging, burn-through, discontinuous discharge, and even furnace explosion are prone to occur.

[0005] At present, biomass tar catalytic cracking equipment is generally vertical and fixed, and the pores of the catalyst are easily blocked, resulting in catalyst poisoning, and once the catalyst is poisoned, the furnace needs to be shut down to replace the catalyst, the cooling cycle is long, and the operation is cumbersome.

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