High-temperature water vapor pyrolysis-cracking-gasification device and method for solid fuel

Abstract

The invention relates to the comprehensive utilization field of a solid fuel, specifically to high-temperature water vapor pyrolysis-cracking-gasification device and method for the solid fuel. The method includes introducing the high-temperature water vapor generated by the combustion of O2 and H2 into the solid fuel for low-temperature pyrolysis, to separate out the volatile matter and obtain an oil gas product and pyrolysis semi-coke; performing thermal cracking to the oil gas product in hot state under the action of the high-temperature water vapor, and separating to obtain a lightweight product and a heavyweight component; gasifying the pyrolysis semi-coke and the heavyweight component under the action of oxygen-carrying high-temperature water vapor, to obtain water gas; and allowing the reaction between the water gas and water vapor, to obtain CO2 and H2, separating, storing the CO2, and using the H2 in power generation. The invention is characterized in that the high-temperature water vapor generated by hydrogen-oxygen combustion is used to provide heat; the oil gas product generated by the pyrolysis directly enters the thermal cracking reactor in hot state; higher-added value products, such as lightweight olefins and BTX, are obtained via the thermal cracking; and the clean and high-efficiency comprehensive utilization of the solid fuel is realized through fractional extraction.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of comprehensive utilization of pyrolysis, thermal cracking and gasification of solid combustion. Specifically, the invention relates to a high-temperature steam pyrolysis-cracking-gasification device and method for solid fuel. Background technique [0002] Carbon-containing solid fuels can be processed by various thermal conversion processes (such as combustion, gasification, liquefaction, and pyrolysis, etc.) to obtain heat energy, electrical energy, chemicals, or fuels. At present, most industrial processing methods are to convert coal, biomass, etc. Carbon raw materials are considered as a single material, which is all converted into a single product through a single process. The processes of direct liquefaction, indirect liquefaction and gasification of coal are mainly to obtain a target product, and the process of obtaining oil and gas products is relatively complicated, with harsh conditions and high investment...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] However, most co-production processes have not yet been promoted and applied, especially the process of co-production of oil products, there are still many problems

Moreover, in the down-bed or fluidized-bed pyrolysis process using hot ash and circulating sand as the solid heat carrier, the obtained solid product semi-coke and solid heat carrier particles are in a solid-solid mixed state, which makes it difficult to separate and obtain pure semi-coke. Coke products; the yield of tar in the resulting pyrolysis products is low, and the content of heavy tar components is high

In addition, these polygeneration models all use single coal gasification as the gas head, and adjust the carbon-hydrogen ratio in the crude gas through the CO shift reaction to meet the needs of the synthesis part, which not only increases the complexity of the system and technology, but also leads to energy consumption. , and increased CO 2 emissions

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