Integral process for oil shale drying, heating, refining and semicoke burning

Abstract

The invention relates to an integral process for oil shale drying, heating, oil refining and semicoke burning. The integral process is characterized in that the oil shale crushed into the diameter smaller than or equal to 15mm is subjected to the direct or indirect heat exchange by moderate-temperature gas and the heating and drying by a drying heater, and is delivered with hot ash slag burned generated by burning of a circulating fluid bed burning furnace into a solid heat carrier dry distillation reactor to carry outbe subjected to mixed heat exchange and complete dry distillation oil refining; high-temperature smoke burned byfrom the circulating fluid bed burning furnace is delivered into the high-temperature gas indirect dry distillation reactor to exchange heat with the oil shale to realize the dry distillation oil refining of the solid fuels; oil shale semicoke from the solid heat carrier dry distillation reactor, through a semicoke bin hopper, and solid semicoke discharged from the circulating fluid bed burning furnace, are delivered to the circulating fluid bed burning furnace to be burned continue toously burn, and the excessive hot ash slag discharged from the circulating fluid bed burning furnace is cooled by a slag cooler, and is discharged and delivered to building material factories. The integral technology can be used for completing the oil shale fuel drying, heating, oil refining and semicoke burning, and also can also be used for coals, oil sands, waste and scrape tires, petroleum cokes, organic waste materials and biomasses.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive utilization of oil shale resources, and is an integrated process of oil shale drying, heating, oil refining and semi-coke combustion. The integrated process can also be used for coal, oil sands, waste tires, petroleum coke, organic waste and biomass. Background technique [0002] Oil shale is an important energy resource. Oil shale deposits have been discovered in all continents of the world, and the number has exceeded 600 oil shale basins. Worldwide, the calorific value of oil shale reserves ranks second only to coal; when converted into shale oil, it is equivalent to 475 billion tons, which is 5.4 times the recoverable reserves of natural oil and is the current oil, coal, An ideal alternative to natural gas. China's prospective oil shale resources are about 2 trillion tons, and shale oil is 80 billion tons, which is 32 times the remaining recoverable oil reserves of 2.5 billion tons, r...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The disadvantages are: 1) Due to the dry distillation of large grain oil shale with a thickness of 15-75 mm, the oil shale with small grains below 15 mm cannot be sent to the dry distillation furnace for utilization during the mining or crushing process. It accounts for 20%-25% of the total mining volume, so there is a huge waste of resources; 2) The hot gas of the gas heat carrier needs to be heated to 700-800°C, which needs to consume part of the gas or other fuels; 3) Due to the use of large particles For oil shale, the carbonization time is quite long, usually 12 to 24 hours, and there are usually black centers inside the large particles, resulting in low carbonization efficiency, low oil yield, and low utilization rate; 4) The heat of semi-coke after carbonization accounts for the 35% to 45% of the heat, a large waste of energy, and the semi-coke after carbonization cannot be directly made into building materials, and needs further roasting treatment; Requirements for fuel particles, if it is semi-coke removal by wet method, it must be cooled with water first, then dried, and then crushed, so the energy consumption is relatively large; The realization of low-temperature dry distillation will increase the amount of oil and gas coming out of the dry distillation furnace, and the volume of subsequent condensing equipment will increase, and the layout will be relatively complicated

[0007] Although this method is mainly used to treat oil shale with small particles, its main disadvantage is that it needs an additional solid particle heating furnace, the device is complex and large, the wear is serious, the continuous operation time is short, and the remaining semi-coke and ash are discarded in large quantities. The energy utilization rate is low, and because the combustion furnace is only used to provide the hot ash of the solid heat carrier, the purpose of power generation cannot be achieved (Galator technology)

China Invention Patent Application Publication (Announcement) CN101117584 discloses the applicant, and the title of the invention is: "oil shale dry distillation refinery, semi-coke combustion power generation integrated process", which can realize the oil shale dry distillation refinery, while burning dry distillation half Coke power generation, because the research stage of the process is different from that of the present, it did not consider using the flue gas generated by the circulating fluidized bed boiler to dry the wet oil shale, and at the same time did not consider the hot ash at the bottom of the circulating fluidized bed boiler as a solid The heat carrier is sent into the retort and mixed with shale for retort, so this process has limitations, and the comprehensive utilization of oil shale has not yet been maximized

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