Super-centrifugal and swirl high viscosity spinning method and device for producing nano-fibers

Abstract

The invention discloses a super-centrifugal and swirl high viscosity spinning method and device for producing nano-fibers. The device comprises a storage tank, a fiber receiver, a rotating drive mechanism and a conveying mechanism; the fiber receiver is arranged below the storage tank; the rotating drive mechanism is disposed around the storage tank; the conveying mechanism is arranged outside the storage tank; a plunger rod is disposed in the storage tank; a retaining plate is disposed at the bottom of the storage tank; a feed plate is arranged above the retaining plate; a nozzle plate is disposed between the feed plate and the retaining plate; a spout of the nozzle plate is arranged within the fiber receiver. The method includes the steps: material is conveyed to the nozzle plate by forced extraction; under the coupled action of strong extrusion and super-centrifugal force, the material overcomes capillary pressure and spouts out from the spout to primarily form fiber; under further action of the super-centrifugal force and swirl air pressure, the fiber is urged to continuously decrease in diameter until arriving the fiber receiver to form nano-fiber. The nano-fibers produced by the method and device are good in performance and uniform in diameter.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of polymer material spinning, in particular to a device and method for preparing nanofibers by ultracentrifugal-swirling high-viscosity spinning. Background technique [0002] Compared with other fibers, nanofibers are widely used in filter media, wound dressings, nanosensors, vascular engineering, and tissue engineering due to their unique advantages such as large specific surface area, ultrafine porosity, and good mechanical properties. There are many methods to prepare nanofibers, such as melt blowing, template synthesis, self-assembly, stretching method, electrospinning, etc. At present, electrospinning is the most widely used method for preparing nanofibers. However, in actual production, electrospinning is limited to commercial use due to the following inherent defects: (1) high-voltage electric field is required; (2) polymer solution needs to have a certain conductivity; (3) high cost and environment...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, there are also centrifugal devices for spinning, but there are still three problems in the following aspects: (1) The problem of continuous feeding, especially for high-viscosity polymer melts, they all use polymer particles in a centrifuge On the one hand, this form has low plasticizing efficiency, which reduces the production rate; on the other hand, the plasticizing effect is not good, and it is easy to block the flow channel; (2) The problem of injection, for some solutions with relatively large polymer content or The melt, due to its high viscosity, requires ultra-high centrifugal force to force the material to be ejected from the nozzle, and the centrifugal force will gradually decrease with the continuous extrusion of the material, which will lead to uneven diameter of the extruded fiber; (3 ) Fiber diameter attenuation problem, due to the relatively high viscosity of the material, it is difficult to form nanofibers purely by centrifugal force, or the content of nanofibers is low

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