A device and method for stable and efficient combustion of biomass pellet fuel

Abstract

The invention discloses a stable and effective biomass pellet fuel combustion device and method. The stable and effective biomass pellet fuel combustion device comprises a combustion furnace shell, a primary air device, a secondary air device, an ignition device, a feed device, a burner, a heat exchange device, a stirring device and an ash tray. The stable and effective biomass pellet fuel combustion device and method are capable of guaranteeing the stable and effective combustion of the fuel and preventing slagging and caking in combustion so as to realize continuous stable combustion. The volatile component and fixed carbon in the biomass are burnt in two stages, the air quality is controlled, and the pollutant emission is lowered in combustion. The ignition device achieves low ignition energy consumption and low ignition pollutant emission; the combustion is safely isolated from stored materials; the stable and effective biomass pellet fuel combustion device and method have high energy conservation and emission reduction benefit and application value.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a biomass particle fuel combustion method, a stable and high-efficiency biomass particle fuel combustion device and method. Background technique [0002] Biomass energy is a clean and renewable energy, because the amount of carbon released in the process of energy utilization is equal to the amount of carbon fixed in the growth process, and it can achieve zero emission of carbon dioxide, which has attracted widespread attention from all over the world. Biomass energy mainly includes straw, rice husk, sawdust, sawdust and so on. It has a low density and is loose, so it is inconvenient to transport and difficult to store. In order to solve the above problems, biomass shaped pellet fuel came into being. [0003] The direct combustion of biomass pellet fuel is one of the most direct and effective utilization methods for biomass energy conversion, but there are some problems in the current combustion. For example, during the comb...

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Problems solved by technology

The disadvantages are: ①The upper part of the fuel is added to the combustion layer, and the temperature of the combustion layer fluctuates, resulting in an increase in pollutants, incomplete combustion of the fuel, and a drop in furnace temperature. Usually, the furnace temperature is only about 800°C; ②During the combustion process, the ash layer When the stirring device is working, it will stir the entire fuel layer, and a large number of particles generated by the stirring will be taken away with the flue gas, resulting in an increase of large particle pollutants in the flue gas; The temperature of the ash tray is low and no longer burns, resulting in a decrease in combustion efficiency; ④The entire fuel layer is staggered with combustion layers and ash layers. Biomass with high silicon content

The disadvantage is that ① the combustion air passes through the fuel layer, which leads to the combustion in the fuel layer after volatilization in the biomass, resulting in high temperature in the fuel layer, and the combustion ash is easy to coalesce and agglomerate, the air distribution is uneven, and the combustion is unstable; ② The excess air coefficient of existing combustion devices at home and abroad is mostly around 1.8. A large amount of air leads to low furnace temperature, high heat removal by flue gas, and high total content of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide in exhaust smoke; ③Air volume Large, high air velocity, and more particulate matter taken away; ④ The characteristics of high volatile content in biomass and high-temperature combustion required for fixed carbon are not fully utilized

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