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A high specific energy direct methanol fuel cell membrane electrode and its preparation method

A methanol fuel cell and membrane electrode technology, applied in fuel cells, battery electrodes, circuits, etc., can solve problems such as increasing cathode polarization, reducing DMFC specific energy, and fuel waste system efficiency, so as to avoid contact resistance and reduce Volume, to avoid the effect of increasing internal resistance

Active Publication Date: 2016-01-06
HARBIN INST OF TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

This methanol permeation will not only cause waste of fuel and lower system efficiency, but also increase cathode polarization and reduce the output voltage of DMFC
Experiments have shown that DMFC usually uses methanol with a low concentration of about 3M as fuel to reduce methanol permeation and improve battery performance, but this will significantly reduce the specific energy of DMFC

Method used

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  • A high specific energy direct methanol fuel cell membrane electrode and its preparation method

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specific Embodiment approach 1

[0023] Specific implementation mode one: combine figure 1 The present embodiment will be described. The direct methanol fuel cell membrane electrode of this embodiment is composed of an anode diffusion layer 1 , an anode catalyst layer 2 , a proton exchange membrane 3 , a cathode catalyst layer 4 , and a cathode diffusion layer 5 . Wherein the anode diffusion layer 1 and the cathode diffusion layer 5 are both made of graphene airgel / stainless steel felt composite material. The anode catalytic layer 2 is located on the left side of the proton exchange membrane 3, the anode diffusion layer 1 is located on the left side of the anode catalytic layer 2; the right side of the proton exchange membrane 3 is the cathode catalytic layer 4 and the cathode diffusion layer 5 in turn.

[0024] In this embodiment, the preparation of the graphene airgel / stainless steel felt composite material can adopt the following two methods:

[0025] Method 1: Ultrasonic cleaning of stainless steel felt...

specific Embodiment approach 2

[0027] Embodiment 2: This embodiment provides a method for preparing a direct methanol fuel cell membrane electrode, the steps of which are as follows:

[0028] Step 1, preparation of graphene airgel / stainless steel felt composite material:

[0029] Clean the stainless steel felt with a thickness of 0.5μm and a size of 12*25mm ultrasonically for 20 minutes with anhydrous ethanol solution, ultrasonically clean with ultrapure water for 5 minutes, soak in 1M hydrochloric acid solution for 10 minutes, put in 5ml / L oxidation The graphene aqueous solution was ultrasonically oscillated for 60 minutes, placed in a vacuum drying oven at 60°C for 15 hours, taken out and then frozen with liquid nitrogen, transferred to a freeze dryer for 30 hours of freeze-drying, and finally dried in nitrogen at 450°C The graphene airgel / stainless steel felt composite material can be obtained by carrying out sintering treatment for 3 hours under protection.

[0030] Step 2, preparation of the anode gas...

specific Embodiment approach 3

[0036] Specific embodiment three: the difference between this embodiment and specific embodiment two is that the preparation method of the graphene airgel / stainless steel felt composite material in the step one is: the thickness is 0.5 μm, the size is 12*25mm The stainless steel felt was ultrasonically cleaned with anhydrous ethanol solution for 15 minutes, ultrasonically cleaned with ultrapure water for 10 minutes, soaked in 1.5M hydrochloric acid solution for 15 minutes, placed in 10ml / L graphene oxide aqueous solution and ultrasonically oscillated for 40 minutes, taken out and placed Put it into vitamin C solution with a concentration of 10g / L, reduce it at 60°C for 3 hours, wash it with ultrapure water 4 times after cooling, and transfer it to a freeze dryer for 20 hours of freeze-drying to obtain graphene gas condensation Glue / stainless steel felt composite.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a direct methanol fuel cell membrane electrode with high specific energy and a preparation method of the electrode, and belongs to the technical field of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The membrane electrode is composed of an anode gas diffusion electrode, a proton exchange membrane and a cathode gas diffusion electrode, wherein the diffusion layers of the anode gas diffusion electrode and the cathode gas diffusion electrode are prepared from graphene aerogel / stainless steel felt composite materials, and meanwhile, the diffusion layers also can serve as a mass transfer barrier layer and a collector plate of a methanol water solution (anode) and liquid water (cathode). By adopting the membrane electrode disclosed by the invention, not only is the structure of the direct methanol fuel cell simplified, but also the working concentration of methanol fuel in an anode liquid storage chamber is improved, reverse transmission of water from the cathode to the anode is enhanced, and methanol permeation is reduced, so that the specific energy of the direct methanol fuel cell is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, and relates to a direct methanol fuel cell membrane electrode structure and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Thanks to the high energy density of liquid methanol, the theoretical specific energy of Direct Methanol Fuel Cell (DMFC) can reach 4900Wh / L, nearly five times that of lithium batteries. However, in practical applications, methanol aqueous solution will be transported from the anode to the cathode through the Nafion membrane (the most used proton exchange membrane) under the action of diffusion or electroosmosis, and will directly react with oxygen under the action of the cathode catalyst to form a mixed potential. This methanol permeation will not only cause waste of fuel and lower system efficiency, but also increase cathode polarization and reduce the output voltage of DMFC. Experiments have shown that DMFC usually uses methanol w...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/86H01M4/88
CPCH01M4/8605H01M4/88H01M4/9075H01M8/1011Y02E60/50
Inventor 张雪林张宇峰刘晓为
Owner HARBIN INST OF TECH
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