Sponge material with polyurethane sponge surface modified by constructing zinc oxide fine structure, and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention relates to a sponge material with a polyurethane sponge surface modified by constructing a zinc oxide fine structure, and a preparation method thereof. According to the preparation method, a sol-gel method and a hydrothermal method are combined to use, wherein prepared zinc oxide nanometer crystal seeds are uniformly paved on the polyurethane sponge surface through the sol-gel method; then zinc oxide nano-rods grow on the surface in a directional manner through the hydrothermal synthesis method; a long-chain fatty acid-palmitic acid is adopted to modify so as to achieve super-hydrophobicity; and finally the hydrophobic effect and the oil absorption capacity of the modified sponge are determined. According to the present invention, the special morphology structure of zinc oxide is adopted to construct the super-hydrophobic sponge surface, and the super oil absorption capacity of the sponge surface is not affected, such that the sponge material has potential application value for petroleum-contaminated water body repair.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a sponge material and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a sponge material for constructing zinc oxide microstructure-modified polyurethane sponge surface and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] According to statistics, the total amount of oil poured into the ocean every year is between 6 million and 10 million tons. With the development of my country's oil industry, the area of ​​the ocean polluted by oil continues to expand, and the degree of pollution is becoming more and more serious. About more than 100,000 tons, and the loss of fishery alone amounts to hundreds of millions of yuan every year. According to the monitoring of the National Marine Environment Monitoring Network, the area of ​​my country's coastal waters with oil content exceeding Class I and II sea water quality standards has reached 56,000 km 2 . According to the type of oil input, marine oil pollution can be divided into ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] For oil pollution incidents, there are currently three representative treatment methods: the first is the natural purification method, which uses microorganisms to degrade the oil. The disadvantage is that it takes a long time, and oil dispersants and precipitants can be used to accelerate the degradation process; the second method is Use an oil coagulant to reduce the surface tension of the oil, so that the oil is easy to handle after coagulation. After these two methods, the oil cannot be recycled and will cause secondary pollution; the third method is to use oil-absorbing materials to treat the oil. to process

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