Adjuvant for vaccine, vaccine composition containing adjuvant and application of vaccine composition

Abstract

The invention provides an adjuvant for a vaccine. The adjuvant is prepared from alumina gel, chitosan and lecithin. The invention further discloses vaccine composition containing the adjuvant and an application of the vaccine composition. The adjuvant can make an organism produce effective humoral immunity when used for the inactivated vaccine, cannot cause body temperature rise and side effects and can have better immune response during lower antigen content and single immunity.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of veterinary biological products, and in particular relates to an adjuvant for enhancing antigen immune response. Background technique [0002] Bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections are widespread in humans and animals, and diseases caused by these infectious agents are often resistant to antimicrobial pharmaceutical therapies, leaving no effective treatment. Therefore, vaccinology methods are more commonly used in this field to control infection, specifically by using live pathogens, inactivated pathogens or their products, or preparing pathogen protein subunits into vaccines through genetic engineering, and conducting vaccination to induce infection. specific immunity. However, certain antigens do not produce sufficient stimulation of the immune system when administered alone. Therefore, it is necessary to add an immune adjuvant that can increase the immune response of the body to obtain a sufficie...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, there are many types of immune adjuvants studied, such as aluminum gel, oil adjuvant, Freund's adjuvant, microorganisms and their metabolites, nucleic acids and their analogs, cytokines, liposomes, etc. (Dey AK, Srivastava IK.Novel adjuvants and delivery systems for enhancing immune responses induced by immunogens. Expert review of vaccines, 2011, 10: 227-251), but it is difficult to be practically applied due to some inevitable defects such as different degrees of toxic side effects or safety hazards (Mbow ML, De Gregorio E, Valiante NM, Rappuoli R. New adjuvants for human vaccines. Current opinion inimmunology, 2010, 22(3): 411-416; Batista-Duharte A, Lindblad EB, Oviedo-Orta E. Progress in understanding adjuvant immunotoxicity mechanisms. Toxicology letters ,2011,203(2):97-105), these adjuvants are far from meeting the needs of new vaccine development

In particular, a large number of clinical immunization trials believe that aluminum colloidal adjuvant has some problems: (1) it has a strong stimulating effect on Th2-mediated humoral immune response, but has a weak effect on Th1-mediated cellular immune response, only Suitable for vaccines with antibodies as the main protective immunity (Exley C, Siesjo P, Eriksson H. The immunobiology of aluminum adjuvants: how do they really work? Trends in immunology, 2010, 31:103-109); (2) can Promote the production of IgE antibodies, and easily induce allergic reactions in the body; (3) local reactions may form granulomas, and very few local aseptic abscesses may occur; (4) due to their physical and chemical properties, aluminum-containing gel vaccines are afraid of freezing The post-alumina vaccine is prone to denaturation; (5) may have an impact on human and animal nervous systems (seeing Chinese patent CN101402666A)

Moreover, during clinical application, it is found that the phenomenon of body temperature rise after the existing commercialized vaccine immunizes pigs, and other related vaccines in the prior art also have similar reports such as Chinese patents CN103194413A, CN104312964A

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