Acrylic fibers with peanut-shaped cross section and production method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses acrylic fibers with a peanut-shaped cross section. The acrylic fibers with the peanut-shaped cross section are mainly prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 91 percent to 94 percent of acrylonitrile and 6 percent to 9 percent of vinyl acetate. The acrylic fibers with the peanut-shaped cross section are obtained by extruding through a spinneret plate and the length-width ratio of the section is (3 to 5) to 2. The invention further discloses a production method of the acrylic fibers with the peanut-shaped cross section; the production method comprises the following steps: carrying out a copolymerization reaction on the acrylonitrile and the vinyl acetate and then forming a raw spinning solution in a solvent; heating the raw spinning solution to 82 DEG C to 90 DEG C and extruding from the spinneret plate; forming as-spun fibers in a condensation bath; carrying out water washing and drafting on the as-spun fibers to form a fiber bundle; and carrying out oil application, drying and sizing on the fiber bundle to obtain the acrylic fibers with the peanut-shaped cross section. According to the acrylic fibers with the peanut-shaped cross section, the content of the acrylonitrile and the vinyl acetate in a copolymer and the molecular weight of the copolymer are adjusted, the spinneret plate is reasonably designed and a production process is adjusted, so that the prepared acrylic fibers have excellent performances.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an acrylic fiber, in particular to an acrylic fiber with a peanut-shaped section and a production method thereof. Background technique [0002] Acrylic fiber (polyacrylonitrile fiber) is known as artificial wool. It has the advantages of softness, bulkiness, easy dyeing, bright color, light resistance, antibacterial, and not afraid of insects. It has good elasticity, and the rebound rate can still maintain 65% when it is stretched by 20%. It is fluffy, curly and soft, and its warmth retention is 15% higher than that of wool. The strength is 1.8-4.5cN / dtex, which is 1-2.5 times higher than wool. The light fastness performance is excellent, and the strength will only decrease by 20% after being exposed to the open air for one year. The softening temperature of fiber is 190-230℃, it can resist acid, oxidant and general organic solvent, but its alkali resistance is poor. According to different application requirements, it can be ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] Most of the spinnerets used in the existing acrylic fiber manufacturing process have a circular spinneret hole structure, and the produced acrylic fiber cross-section is a circular solid structure, which is closely arranged and lacks a hydrophilic structure between molecules, so the moisture regain is very small , poor hygroscopicity and easy dyeing, and diffuse reflection is easy to form when light hits the surface, so the gloss is poor; at the same time, there are shortcomings such as poor hand feeling and poor personal comfort, which are difficult to meet people's needs

In addition, the current production of acrylic fiber adopts dry spinning, wet spinning or dry-wet spinning. The air gap is small, and the time for polymer molecular chain movement adjustment is short. It is small and easy to cause sticking, so it is difficult to ensure the uniformity of the spun fiber tow. Due to many problems such as process conditions and equipment conditions, it is difficult to spin efficiently and stably for a long period of time.

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