General frequency matching longitudinal-torsional compound ultrasonic vibration milling and drilling device

Abstract

The invention discloses a general frequency matching longitudinal-torsional compound ultrasonic vibration milling and drilling device. The device comprises a machine tool main shaft, a main shaft shell, an ultrasonic power supply, an ultrasonic wireless electric energy transmission system, a mounting cylinder, a sleeve, a longitudinal ultrasonic vibration transducer, a hollow spiral groove amplitude change rod, an elastic chuck, a pressing nut and a cutter. The device adjusts the positions of a rubber plug and a sealing ring to change the volume of a fluid in a cylindrical groove or to replace the type of the fluid so as to change the mass of a longitudinal-torsional compound ultrasonic vibrator to compensate the frequency loss or increment in clamping of different cutter rods; and when the different cutter rods are clamped, the consistency of the resonant frequency, the vibration mode and the vibration shape of an ultrasonic device is realized, and the generality of the device is greatly improved. The longitudinal vibration and torsional vibration effects are both enhanced to a certain extent; the working efficiency is greatly improved; and the advantages of longitudinal-torsional compound vibration are preferably exerted.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of precision and ultra-precision finishing, and in particular relates to a universal frequency-matched longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic vibration milling and drilling device. Background technique [0002] Compared with ordinary machining, ultrasonic vibration machining has the advantages of reducing cutting force, reducing tool wear, improving workpiece surface machining accuracy and improving machining efficiency. Traditional ultrasonic machining is mostly a single vibration mode. However, with the development of ultrasonic machining technology and continuous improvement of equipment, composite vibration modes such as longitudinal-torsion, longitudinal-bend and torsion-bend have also received extensive attention. Studies have shown that milling under the ultrasonic longitudinal-torsional composite vibration mode can further reduce the cutting force during the cutting process, improve the efficien...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] At present, there are mainly two methods to realize longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic vibration. One is to polarize the piezoelectric ceramic along the tangential direction, but it is technically difficult to achieve. The usual method is to first cut the piezoelectric ceramic sheet into several fan-shaped sheets, Separately tangentially polarize each sector-shaped piezoelectric ceramic sheet, and then bond each sector-shaped piezoelectric ceramic sheet together. This method is complex in process, high in scrap rate, and prone to incomplete polarization of the ceramic sheet, electrical breakdown, etc. The problem is that it is difficult to manufacture an ideal transducer; the second is to carry out a special design on the structure of the horn, such as the chute type, etc., but it is found in practical applications that the torsional vibration component of this method is small, and the longitudinal vibration component cannot be fully utilized. The advantages of torsional composite ultrasonic vibration, the processing efficiency is low, so that the processing effect is limited

[0004] At present, due to the limitations of processing conditions and resonance frequency, the universality of longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic milling and drilling devices is poor, and the restrictions on clamped tool bars (milling cutters, drills, etc.) are relatively strict

Clamping tool bars of different materials and diameters and the extension length of tool bars will affect the resonance frequency of the ultrasonic device. The ultrasonic vibrator vibrates in other modes, and the vibration shape of the ultrasonic vibration changes, which has a greater impact on the processing of the workpiece. Therefore, a set of longitudinal-torsional compound ultrasonic milling and drilling devices is often limited to several or even one tool material and diameter, and its versatility is poor.

However, in actual processing, a variety of cutting tool bars are required to be used together, so multiple longitudinal-torsional composite ultrasonic milling and drilling devices are required, which greatly increases the processing cost and reduces the processing efficiency.

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