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Silicon-carbon composite material of closed cage structure and preparation method of silicon-carbon composite material of closed cage structure

A technology of silicon-carbon composite materials and structural materials, applied in structural parts, nanotechnology for materials and surface science, electrical components, etc., can solve problems such as specific capacity attenuation, reduce internal stress, prolong battery life, and improve The effect of capacity performance

Active Publication Date: 2018-03-30
INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0007] However, silicon or silicon-carbon materials with a porous structure expose the silicon to the surface of the electrode material and directly contact the electrolyte to form an SEI film during the cycle. At the same time, due to the volume effect, the SEI is continuously broken and re-grown, resulting in a constant increase in the specific capacity. attenuation

Method used

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  • Silicon-carbon composite material of closed cage structure and preparation method of silicon-carbon composite material of closed cage structure
  • Silicon-carbon composite material of closed cage structure and preparation method of silicon-carbon composite material of closed cage structure

Examples

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0050] 153.84g of silicon tetrachloride was dispersed in 1L of anhydrous ethane to obtain solution A; then 30.768g of porous carbon was added to solution A; stirred for 2h, then filtered to obtain porous carbon adsorbed on silicon tetrachloride, heat-treated at 100°C, to Add 65.2 g of hydrogen peroxide dropwise to the treated porous carbon for 5 h, then filter, wash the filter cake with absolute ethanol, remove excess hydrogen peroxide, and obtain solid B, add 30.768 g of sucrose to solid B, and ball mill for 2 h at a ball milling speed of 300 rpm to obtain a mixture C. The mixture C was calcined at 900° C. under a hydrogen atmosphere for 5 hours to obtain a silicon / carbon composite material with a closed cage structure.

Embodiment 2

[0052] Disperse 15.384g of silicon tetrachloride in 1L of anhydrous ethane to obtain solution A; then add 1.5384g of activated carbon to solution A; stir for 1.5h, then filter to obtain activated carbon that adsorbs silicon tetrachloride, heat treatment at 120°C, and Add 3.3 g of ether solution of lithium aluminum hydride dropwise to the final activated carbon for 6 h, then filter, wash the filter cake with absolute ethanol, remove excess ether solution of lithium aluminum hydride, and obtain solid B, add 1.5384 g of glucose to solid B, and use 100 rpm Milling at a ball milling speed for 3 hours to obtain a mixture C, which was calcined at 950° C. under an argon atmosphere for 6 hours to finally obtain a silica / carbon composite material with a closed cage structure.

Embodiment 3

[0054] 30.768g of silicon tetrachloride was dispersed in 1L of anhydrous ethane to obtain solution A; then 1.5384g of porous carbon was added to solution A; stirred for 2h, then filtered to obtain porous carbon adsorbed on silicon tetrachloride, heat-treated at 130°C, and Add 6.5 g of tetrahydrofuran solution of lithium aluminum hydride dropwise to the treated porous carbon for 7 hours, then filter, wash the filter cake with absolute ethanol, remove excess tetrahydrofuran solution of lithium aluminum hydride, obtain solid B, add 1.5384 g of cellulose to solid B , milled at a ball milling speed of 150rpm for 4h to obtain a mixture C, which was calcined at 1000°C under a nitrogen atmosphere for 7h, and finally a closed cage-like silicon oxide / carbon composite was obtained.

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Abstract

The invention provides a silicon-carbon composite material of a closed cage structure and a preparation method of the silicon-carbon composite material of the closed cage structure. The silicon-carboncomposite material of the closed cage structure is a hollow filled structure material in a closed cage form; the core of the hollow filled structure material is a silicon material-filled porous carbon material; the porous carbon material is filled with a silicon material; the silicon material has the void content of 50-95% in the porous carbon material; and a carbon material coats the outside ofthe silicon material-filled porous carbon material and the specific component of the carbon material is (SiOx)yC, wherein x is smaller than or equal to 2 and greater than or equal to 0 and y is smaller than or equal to 1 and greater than 0. When the silicon-carbon composite material of the closed cage structure is used as a negative electrode of a battery, contact of the silicon material and an electrolyte is isolated, the life of the battery is prolonged and the capacity performance and the cycle performance of the battery are improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of silicon-carbon composite materials, and relates to a closed cage-shaped silicon-carbon composite material and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of electric vehicles, lithium-ion battery materials have been more and more widely used. The longer cruising range of electric vehicles has higher energy density requirements for lithium-ion batteries. At present, the commonly used negative electrode graphite materials for lithium-ion batteries have It is getting closer and closer to its theoretical capacity (theoretical capacity is 372mAh / g, 855mAh / cm 3 ), it is difficult to achieve the energy density target of 300wh / kg for batteries using graphite negative electrodes. To further achieve breakthroughs in energy density, it is necessary to apply silicon-based negative electrode materials with higher specific capacity. [0003] The theoretical lithium intercalat...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/485H01M4/62H01M10/0525B82Y30/00
CPCB82Y30/00H01M4/362H01M4/366H01M4/386H01M4/485H01M4/62H01M4/625H01M4/628H01M10/0525Y02E60/10
Inventor 谭强强王鹏飞
Owner INST OF PROCESS ENG CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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