High-compartment and high-platform type cultivation method capable of preventing root rot and early defoliation of Kiwi berry

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation of Kiwi berry, grapes, fruit trees or similar trees, and discloses a high-compartment and high-platform type cultivation method capable of preventing root rot and early defoliation of the Kiwi berry. The high-compartment and high-platform type cultivation method has the characteristics of three aspects of transformation, three aspects ofconstruction and five aspect of improvement, wherein three aspects of transformation comprise transformation of traditional shallow cultivation into deep cultivation, transformation of traditional plane type cultivation into stereoscopic high-compartment and high-platform type cultivation, and transformation of traditional plowing and irrigation for a plurality of times into plowing and irrigationfor few times; and three aspects of construction comprise construction of a water-heat-air-nutrient spatial coordination system for the underground part of the kiwi berry with development of deep soil resources as a target, construction of a spatial optimization system with stereoscopic planting for the overground part of the kiwi berry as a target, and construction of a field highly-efficient management system with ecological management for the whole kiwi berry orchard area as a target. The high-compartment and high-platform type cultivation method provided by the invention greatly improvesthe fertility of soil, prevents root rot and early defoliation of the kiwi berry, greatly improves the yield and quality of the kiwi berry, effectively improves the degree of mechanization, reduces labor, effectively increases soil carbon sink, and effectively improves economic income of an orchard area.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of cultivation of hops, grapes, fruit trees or similar trees, and in particular relates to a high-chamber and high-table cultivation method for preventing kiwi fruit from rotten roots and early leaf fall. Background technique [0002] At present, the existing technologies commonly used in the industry are as follows: Kiwi is an emerging fruit in the world. Because of its high nutrition and good medical and health effects, it is known as the "king of fruits" and "treasure of fruits" in nutrition, health care, longevity and beauty. It has broad development prospects. The upstream of the kiwifruit industry chain is the kiwifruit planting industry. Currently, more than 20 countries around the world grow kiwifruit. According to the "2017 China Kiwifruit Industry Development Report", the world's kiwifruit planting area has increased from 127,000 ha in 2000 2 Developed to 219,000 hm in 2014 2 , the output in 201...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] (1) In the existing kiwi fruit cultivation mode, the small ditch of 0.5m is difficult to drain on the one hand. In the case of continuous rain or flood, the biggest problem is the large area of ​​early leaf fall, which is easy to induce root rot and root rot, resulting in lack of seedlings Dead trees, causing large economic losses

[0005] (2) Existing kiwifruit cultivation mode treats the perennial plants of kiwifruit trees as gramineous plant cultivation, and the depth of soil development and utilization is only 0.5 meters, and the soil space capacity utilized by the kiwifruit root system is small, and the soil is hardened and has poor air permeability, which limits The absorption of water and nutrients in the root system has great limitations in regulating and buffering the water, fertilizer, air and heat conditions in the park

[0006] (3) The existing kiwi fruit cultivation mode, the machine cannot walk in the ditch

Most of them are not conducive to the operation of large and medium-sized machinery in the park

[0007] (4) The three-dimensional utilization of soil has not been carried out, and a large amount of light, heat and water soil resources are wasted

[0008] (5) Serious pests and diseases: Traditional cultivation methods, especially the large-scale change from paddy soil to planting kiwifruit, due to the poor gas exchange capacity of the surface and the space below, the metabolism of plant roots is weak, the space above the ground is poorly ventilated, and the kiwifruit consumes a lot of oxygen. The fleshy root system is vulnerable to the attack of toxic substances and harmful bacteria in an anaerobic environment, and it is easy to cause root rot. After the root system function is seriously damaged, it will lead to early leaf defoliation.

[0009] (6) Traditional kiwifruit cultivation is frequently irrigated, pesticides and fertilizers are used more, tree vigor is generally weak, and labor input for pruning and management is high

[0010] (7) Due to the small volume of the soil where the traditional kiwifruit root system is distributed, the range of activities of the root system is limited, the ability to absorb and supply fertilizer is weak, and the ability to resist external adverse factors is weak

[0011] The difficulty and significance of solving the above technical problems: The prior art has poor comprehensive control of root rot, early defoliation, and other pests; it cannot simulate natural cultivation of kiwifruit, which is safe and labor-saving, and improves the quality of the fruit; the land development method is single, and there is no soil layer that can be used for deep development of the soil, so it cannot be greatly improved. Improve the fertility of the soil, without using three-dimensional composite development of the above-ground space, it is impossible to achieve the combination of agriculture and tourism

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