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Carbon skeleton enhanced porous starch and preparation method thereof

A technology of porous starch and carbon skeleton, applied in the field of porous starch, can solve the problems of the overall structure damage of porous starch, time-consuming and labor-intensive, poor physical and chemical properties and anti-dissolution, mechanical effects, etc. control, product function and shape diversification, good water and oil absorption

Active Publication Date: 2019-01-04
JIANGNAN UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, since raw starch is less sensitive to enzymes when it is lower than the gelatinization temperature, and high-temperature starch gelatinization destroys the support structure of the pores (that is, the skeleton structure), the biological method is basically prepared at low temperature, often requiring Increase the amount of enzyme or extend the reaction time to increase the yield
In addition, the overall structure of the porous starch prepared by this method is damaged to a certain extent, and its physical and chemical properties and anti-dissolution, mechanical and other effects are poor, and its single function has limitations. Linkage, surface functional group modification, etc.), time-consuming and labor-intensive
[0004] The second is the chemical method, such as acid hydrolysis, solvent exchange, emulsion crosslinking, etc., but in addition to the complicated preparation process, this method also introduces a large number of chemical reagents, and there are certain problems in terms of production cost and sustainable development.
In addition, after starch is treated with chemical reagents, its structure is more fragile than porous starch prepared by biological methods, so its application is limited
[0005] Physical methods are the least used. Although many methods such as extrusion, ultrasonic, alcohol denaturation, spraying, and mechanical impact have been tried, it is basically difficult to form effective pores (mostly surface depressions and poor uniformity). Generally, it is only used as an auxiliary biological method. preprocessing steps

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0027] A carbon skeleton reinforced porous starch, the preparation method comprising the steps of:

[0028] (1) Mix 500g cornstarch with 2L 5mol / L zirconium sulfate (Zr(SO 4 ) 2 ) aqueous solution, stirred and soaked at 40°C for 12 hours, then dumped and sieved out the cornstarch, washed 3 times, and dried in an oven at 50°C to obtain zirconium ion-enhanced starch;

[0029] (2) Mix 2g of mesophilic α-amylase with 1L of 0.01mol / L calcium chloride (CaCl 2 ) aqueous solutions, stirred and mixed for 4 hours at 40°C to obtain a calcium-amylase complex solution;

[0030] (3) Get 450g of zirconium ion-strengthened starch (preparation loss rate is less than 3%, starch wet base content 93.7%) mixes with 0.56L calcium-amylase compound solution, pre-humidity reaches water content and is 55%, makes enzyme-containing pre- After mixing, add the enzyme-containing premix after humidity adjustment into the twin-screw extruder at a feeding speed of 2kg / h. After cooling and drying, the extrud...

Embodiment 2

[0033] A carbon skeleton reinforced porous starch, the preparation method comprising the steps of:

[0034] (1) Mix 500g tapioca starch with 10L 0.1mol / L manganese sulfate (MnSO 4 ) aqueous solution, stirred and soaked at room temperature for 1 hour, then dumped, sieved out tapioca starch and washed once, and dried in an oven at 30°C to obtain manganese ion-enhanced starch;

[0035] (2) Mix 0.04 g of high temperature-resistant α-amylase with 0.2 L of 0.001 mol / L potassium chloride (KCl) aqueous solution, stir and mix for 4 hours at 30° C. to obtain a potassium-amylase complex solution;

[0036] (3) Get 450g of manganese ion-strengthened starch (preparation loss rate is less than 3%, starch wet base content 95.2%) mixes with 0.18L of potassium-amylase compound solution, pre-humidity reaches water content and is 29%, makes enzyme-containing starch Premix, and then add the enzyme-containing premix after humidity adjustment into the twin-screw extruder at a feeding speed of 2kg / h...

Embodiment 3

[0039]A carbon skeleton reinforced porous starch, the preparation method comprising the steps of:

[0040] (1) Mix 500g of rice starch with 5L of 2.5mol / L ferric chloride (FeCl 3 ) aqueous solution, stirred and soaked at 30°C for 6 hours, then dumped and sieved out the rice starch and washed twice, and dried in an oven at 40°C to obtain iron ion-enhanced starch;

[0041] (2) Mix 0.5g of β-amylase with 0.5L of 0.005mol / L sodium chloride (NaCl), stir and mix for 4 hours at 30°C to obtain a sodium-amylase complex liquid;

[0042] (3) Get 450g of iron ion enhanced starch (preparation loss rate is less than 3%, starch wet base content 93.9%) mixes with 0.30L sodium-amylase compound liquid, pre-humidity reaches water content and is 43%, makes enzyme-containing pre- After mixing, add the enzyme-containing premix after humidity adjustment into the twin-screw extruder at a feeding speed of 2kg / h. After cooling and drying, the extrudate can maintain the overall shape, and can also be c...

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PUM

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Abstract

The invention discloses carbon skeleton enhanced porous starch and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the porous starch includes the steps that starch and transition metal ions are bonded, then the starch to which the transition metal ions adhere and amylase are treated through extrusion equipment, and finally a high-strength recombined-structure starch-based porous material,namely the carbon skeleton enhanced porous starch is formed. The enzyme dosage of a biological method is reduced, the action time of the biological method is shortened, the current situation that a physical method can only serve as pretreatment is also changed, and the carbon skeleton enhanced porous starch and the preparation method thereof have wide application prospects in the fields of medicine controlled release, water pollution purification, embedded and alternative targets and other fields of medical treatment, chemical engineering, environments and materials.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a starch-based porous material, in particular to a porous starch prepared by using transition metal ions to strengthen the carbon skeleton. Background technique [0002] Porous starch is a new type of modified starch, that is, the granule structure of the original starch is changed by biological, chemical or physical methods to form pores. Compared with native starch, porous starch has larger porosity and specific surface area; lower bulk density; better adsorption capacity, etc., and has been widely used in agriculture, medical treatment, environmental protection, food, papermaking, printing, detergent, Cosmetics and many other fields. [0003] At present, the most commonly used method is biological method, which uses amylase to hydrolyze part of the surface of starch to produce small holes. However, since raw starch is less sensitive to enzymes when it is lower than the gelatinization temperature, and high-temperature starc...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C12P19/22C12P19/20C12P19/14C12P19/04C08B31/00
CPCC08B31/00C12P19/04C12P19/14C12P19/20C12P19/22B01J20/24B01J20/28011B01J20/28085B01J20/3007B01J20/3212B01J20/3236B01J2220/4825B01J20/20B01J20/3085
Inventor 金征宇徐恩波吴正宗焦爱权周星田耀旗王金鹏柏玉香赵建伟谢正军徐学明杨哪
Owner JIANGNAN UNIV