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A nano silicon matrix composite material and a preparation method and application thereof

A technology of composite materials and nano-silicon, applied in the direction of nanotechnology, nanotechnology, nanotechnology for materials and surface science, etc., can solve the problems of additive consumption, corrosion, and affecting battery performance, etc., to improve conductivity and buffer volume The effect of changing and increasing the conductivity

Active Publication Date: 2019-01-08
ZHEJIANG UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0009] Although the above research directions can improve the cycle life of silicon-based anodes, it is still a huge challenge to realize the simple and large-scale preparation of silicon-based materials.
In addition, unlike graphite negative electrodes, HF in the electrolyte has a corrosive effect on silicon, and it is difficult to form a stable SEI film on the surface of silicon-based negative electrodes. However, in the prior art, additives are often used in the electrolyte to form SEI films. Additives will affect battery performance, too little additives will be gradually consumed during use

Method used

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  • A nano silicon matrix composite material and a preparation method and application thereof
  • A nano silicon matrix composite material and a preparation method and application thereof
  • A nano silicon matrix composite material and a preparation method and application thereof

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0050] Commercial crude silicon was ball-milled at 480r / min for 10 hours, washed with 0.1mol / L hydrochloric acid, and then heat-treated at 600°C for 3 hours in an argon atmosphere to preliminarily crush and purify the crude silicon; Crude silicon and magnesium powder are mixed uniformly according to the molar ratio of silicon and magnesium of 1:2.12, and heat-treated in an argon atmosphere at 600°C for 10 hours to obtain a magnesium-silicon alloy; the magnesium-silicon alloy obtained above is cooled to 30°C in an argon atmosphere, In the air, a spontaneous combustion reaction is carried out; then the above-mentioned reaction product is acid-washed first, then fully washed with deionized water and dried to obtain nano-sized silicon; the above-mentioned nano-silicon is mixed with fluorinated graphene, and the fluorinated graphene (the fluorine content is 50wt%) and the weight is 3% of the silicon weight, and the nano-silicon-based composite material is obtained by vibrating ball ...

Embodiment 2

[0065] Commercial crude silicon was ball-milled at 480r / min for 10 hours, washed with 0.1mol / L hydrochloric acid, and then heat-treated at 600°C for 3 hours in an argon atmosphere to preliminarily crush and purify the crude silicon; Crude silicon and magnesium powder are mixed evenly at a molar ratio of 1:2.10, and heat-treated in an argon atmosphere at 550°C for 15 hours to obtain a magnesium-silicon alloy; the magnesium-silicon alloy obtained above is cooled to 25°C in an argon atmosphere, placed in air, and spontaneously ignited reaction; then the above-mentioned reaction product is acid-washed first, then fully washed with deionized water and dried to obtain nano-sized silicon; the above-mentioned obtained nano-silicon is mixed with fluorinated carbon fiber (the fluorine content is 50wt%), wherein the fluorinated carbon fiber The weight is 4% of the weight of the silicon, and the fluoride carbon fiber modified silicon-based composite material is obtained by vibrating ball m...

Embodiment 3

[0069] Commercial crude silicon was ball-milled at 480r / min for 10 hours, washed with 0.1mol / L hydrochloric acid, and then heat-treated at 600°C for 3 hours in an argon atmosphere to preliminarily crush and purify the crude silicon; Crude silicon and magnesium powder are mixed evenly at a molar ratio of 1:2.20, and heat-treated in an argon atmosphere at 600°C for 10 hours to obtain a magnesium-silicon alloy; the magnesium-silicon alloy obtained above is cooled to 20°C in an argon atmosphere, placed in air, and spontaneously ignited reaction; then the above-mentioned reaction product is acid-washed first, then fully washed with deionized water and dried to obtain nano-sized silicon; the above-mentioned obtained nano-silicon material is mixed with fluorinated carbon nanotubes, wherein the weight of fluorinated carbon nanotubes is 5% of the weight of silicon carbon was subjected to vibration ball milling to obtain a silicon-based composite material decorated with fluorinated carbo...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a nano silicon matrix composite material and a preparation process thereof, and an application of the nano silicon matrix composite material as a negative electrode material ina lithium ion battery. The nano-silicon matrix composite material has a core-shell structure with silicon nanoparticles as a core and carbon fluoride as a shell. The preparation process comprises thefollowing steps of: taking low-cost crude silicon and magnesium powder as raw materials, performing simple alloying reaction, performing spontaneous combustion reaction to remove alloying to obtain silicon nanoparticles, and then performing physical ball milling to composite nano silicon and carbon fluoride to obtain nano silicon matrix composite material. The nano-silicon matrix composites prepared by the above method have high capacity, high first Coulomb efficiency and excellent cycle performance. The method has the advantages of simple process, low energy consumption, and is favorable forindustrial production.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage batteries, in particular to a nano-silicon-based composite material and its preparation method and application. Background technique [0002] In recent years, the rapid development of new energy power generation has put forward new requirements for matching energy storage systems. In the replacement of energy storage batteries, lithium-ion batteries have become the focus due to their various advantages. It has been applied in a large number of energy storage projects and achieved certain results. [0003] The capacity of a lithium-ion battery depends on the active lithium ions of the positive electrode material and the ability of the negative electrode material to intercalate and remove lithium. The stability of the positive and negative electrodes in various environments affects the performance of the battery and even seriously affects the safety of the battery. , The performance of the e...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/62H01M10/0525B82Y30/00
CPCB82Y30/00H01M4/366H01M4/386H01M4/625H01M4/628H01M10/0525Y02E60/10
Inventor 谢健郭丽芬张诗韵曹高劭赵新兵
Owner ZHEJIANG UNIV
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