Device and method for quickly making fertilizer from kitchen waste

Abstract

The invention belongs to a device and method for quickly making fertilizer from kitchen waste, and belongs to the field of kitchen waste treatment. The device includes a three-stage main reactor, an infrared radiation heat preservation unit, a hot air supply unit and a condensate leachate return unit. The method first realizes rapid dehydration of kitchen waste through infrared radiation and hot air coupling temperature control method, efficiently reduces volume and weight, replaces conditioner, and reduces cost. After dehydration, the garbage is controlled in stages during the composting process. In the high-temperature fermentation stage, the biological activity is improved by heat-assisted methods, and the fermentation process is accelerated. Combined with the later stage of decomposing, the reaction cycle is effectively shortened, the degradation of organic matter is maximized, and the biological treatment process is optimized. material quality. In addition, the reactor is also equipped with a heat pump to recover heat from the exhaust gas at all levels, supply waste heat and moisture for the composting process, and is equipped with condensed water leachate backflow spraying to maintain the humidity of the pile, reduce the cost of secondary treatment, and realize kitchen waste recycling. Rapid composting resource utilization.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of kitchen waste treatment, and relates to a fast kitchen waste fertilizer making device and method. The method does not need to add a conditioner, controls the biocomposting process in stages, controls the reaction temperature and residence time of materials in different stages, and is an efficient biological treatment device and technical method for realizing the rapid degradation and fermentation of kitchen waste. Background technique [0002] With the continuous development of our country's economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the output of urban domestic waste has also increased year by year, of which kitchen waste is as high as 50%-60%, and its high moisture content and high organic matter characteristics have also caused landfill or incineration. In order to solve a series of problems in the process, various regions are seeking a very economical, energy-saving, and environmentall...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In the current composting process, it is necessary to add a large amount of conditioner to adjust the moisture content and the structure of the compost. For example, the Chinese patent 201610024921.0 discloses a method of composting kitchen waste with straw or straw. , the amount added is more than half, the pretreatment process is cumbersome, and the labor cost is high

Chinese patent 201711210159.6 discloses a high-efficiency composting method for agricultural organic waste. The traditional method is used to add crop straw, and the reaction cycle is as high as 90 days (30-36 days for composting and 60-80 days for post-digestion and degradation). This shows that the traditional method There are problems of long reaction cycle and low efficiency, and it cannot effectively deal with the continuous generation of a large amount of kitchen waste

In order to improve composting efficiency and shorten the composting cycle, high-temperature composting methods are also widely recognized. For example, Chinese patent 201710518000.4 discloses an ultra-high-temperature composting method for livestock and poultry manure. This method raises the temperature of the compost to 80-85°C. This method can effectively promote the decomposition of organic matter and effectively shorten the composting reaction cycle. However, the traditional heating method is limited by the mass transfer and heat transfer efficiency, and the heating energy consumption is high, which seriously affects its popularization and application.

[0004] There is still a lack of a fast and efficient composting reactor in the market, which can effectively reduce the addition of conditioners, increase the rate of composting, shorten the cycle of biological treatment, reduce external energy consumption, optimize the process of biocomposting, and improve the efficiency of composting

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