Preparation method of iron-based composite material

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of an iron-based composite material, and relates to the technical field of metal matrix composite materials and advanced manufacturing. Fe-Ni-P composite powder with the particle size being 1-2 microns and Fe-N powder with the particle size being 100-250 nm are used as raw materials; and the size and the axial displacement of a graphite die pressing headare controlled to achieve control over the porous iron porosity, and the Fe-Ni-P alloy/porous Fe/Fe-Ni-P alloy composite material with the porosity being 14% to 39% is prepared. The weight of the Fe-Ni-P alloy is reduced, and meanwhile, the good shock absorption and damping properties are obtained. On the other hand, subsequent cryogenic treatment of a shaped sample can induce conversion from themetastable state gamma phase in a surface layer Fe-Ni-P alloy to the alpha phase, the hardness strength is remarkably improved accordingly, the phase change degree can be controlled by changing the cryogenic treatment temperature and holding time, and the adjustment of the surface layer properties is further achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal matrix composite materials and advanced manufacturing. Background technique [0002] High-strength, light-weight, and multi-functional composites have always been the development direction of metal matrix composites. Metal matrix composites with a dense surface and a porous middle with a sandwich structure are a new type of composite material developed in recent years. The dense structure of the surface retains the excellent mechanical properties of traditional metal materials, while the porous structure of the middle layer effectively reduces The density of the material also gives the material vibration and noise reduction and damping properties. The metal matrix composite material with this kind of composite structure has good application value and market prospect in the fields of mechanical engineering, aerospace, automobile, high-speed train and so on. [0003] Using Fe-N powder as raw materia...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] Using Fe-N powder as raw material, by controlling the phase transition behavior of Fe-N during sintering, an iron alloy with micro-nano porous structure with excellent comprehensive mechanical properties was prepared without adding any foaming agent or pore-forming agent (ZL201310046622 .3), but due to the low surface hardness and poor corrosion resistance of this ferroalloy, it is limited in the preparation of gears, bearings and other parts with vibration reduction and damping properties

[0004] Fe-Ni-P alloy is a new type of high-performance alloy with high phosphorus content (ZL201710448064.1) newly developed through powder metallurgy technology in recent years. This alloy has excellent mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, and can replace stainless steel powder metallurgy products It is used in the manufacture of high-end precision parts such as high-precision gears and bearings. However, due to the high preparation cost of Fe-Ni-P composite powder, it will also generate waste liquid discharge, which has a certain impact on the environment and limits its further development and development. application

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