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Core-shell composite particles for anode materials of lithium ion batteries

A technology of lithium-ion batteries and composite particles, applied in lithium batteries, battery electrodes, negative electrodes, etc.

Active Publication Date: 2019-08-27
WACKER CHEM GMBH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the aforementioned issues such as electrochemical milling, SEI or decay pose special challenges for relatively large silicon particles

Method used

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  • Core-shell composite particles for anode materials of lithium ion batteries
  • Core-shell composite particles for anode materials of lithium ion batteries
  • Core-shell composite particles for anode materials of lithium ion batteries

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0130] Core-shell composite particles (non-porous shell, core with global porosity, d of Si particles 50 =4.5μm):

[0131] a) Production of Sacrificial Material Pellets

[0132] 20.8 g melamine (Sigma-Aldrich #M2659) and 29.6 g formaldehyde (Sigma-Aldrich, 252549; 80.0 g 37% strength in water) were stirred at 50°C for 1 hour. Then 1200 ml of dilute nitric acid (pH 3.5) were added and the mixture was stirred at 100° C. for 50 minutes. After cooling, the supernatant was decanted and the solid was dried at 100°C for 15 hours. This gave 25.9 g of spherical melamine resin particles having a diameter D50 of 1-2 µm.

[0133] b) Coating of silicon particles and product from Example 1a with carbon precursor

[0134] Disperse 15g of silicon powder B by ultrasonic (Hielscher UIS250V; amplitude 80%, period: 0.75; duration: 30min) 50 = 4.5 μm) and 6.5 g of melamine resin particles from Example 1a, 8.2 g of resorcinol (Sigma-Aldrich, W358908) and 6.7 g of formaldehyde (18.1 g of a ...

Embodiment 2

[0151] Core-shell composite particles (non-porous shell, core with local porosity, d of Si particles 50 =4.5μm):

[0152] a) Coating Si with sacrificial material

[0153] 15.0g silicon powder B(d 50 = 4.5 μm) in 90 ml of water and dispersed by ultrasound (Hielscher UIS 250V; amplitude 80%, period: 0.75; duration: 45 min). The resulting suspension was then added at 50° C. to a solution also at 50° C. of 5.2 g of melamine and 7.4 g of formaldehyde (20.0 g of a 37% strength aqueous solution) and stirred at 55° C. for 1 hour. Then 300 ml of dilute nitric acid (pH 3.5) were added, and the mixture was stirred at 100° C. for 60 minutes.

[0154] b) Coating the product from Example 2a with carbon precursors

[0155] 8.2 g of resorcinol and 6.7 g of formaldehyde (18.1 g of a 37% strength aqueous solution) were added to the product from example 2a with stirring. The pH was then adjusted to pH 7 by adding 2 ml of ammonia (32%), and the mixture was heated at 70° C. for 4 hours. ...

Embodiment 4

[0192] Electrochemical characterization of core-shell composite particles:

[0193] a) Preparation of electrode layers containing core-shell composite particles from Examples 1-3:

[0194] At 20°C, an aqueous solution of 0.17g of conductive carbon black (Imerys, Super C65), 3.0g of water and 6.05g of 1.4% by weight strength sodium carboxymethylcellulose (Daicel, Grade 1380) was passed through while cooling. The high speed mixer was dispersed for 5 minutes at a peripheral speed of 4.5 m / s and for 30 minutes at a peripheral speed of 17 m / s. Then add 0.21g SBR binder (styrene-butadiene copolymer, 40% in H 2 O), and then the mixture was dispersed again at a peripheral speed of 17 m / s for 30 minutes. Subsequently, 3.0 g of core-shell composite particles were added, stirred at a peripheral speed of 4.5 m / s for 5 minutes, and then dispersed at a peripheral speed of 12 m / s for another 30 minutes. After degassing, the dispersion was applied to a copper foil (Schlenk Metallfolien, ...

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Abstract

The invention relates to core-shell composite particles, the core being a porous, carbon-based matrix containing silicon particles and the shell being non-porous and being obtainable by the carbonization of one or more carbon precursors, the silicon particles having average particle sizes of 1 to 15 Mum.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to core-shell composite particles, wherein the core contains silicon particles and carbon and the shell is based on carbon, and also to a process for the production of core-shell composite particles and their use in anode materials for lithium-ion batteries. Background technique [0002] As an electrical storage medium, lithium-ion batteries are currently the most practical electrochemical energy storage with the highest energy density. Lithium-ion batteries were first used in the field of portable electronics for tools and electric vehicles such as bicycles or cars. At present, graphitic carbon is the most common material for the negative electrode ("anode") of such batteries. However, a disadvantage is its relatively low electrochemical capacity, theoretically at most 372 mAh per gram of graphite, which corresponds to only about one-tenth of the theoretically achievable electrochemical capacity with lithium metal. The ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): H01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M4/38H01M4/62H01M10/0525H01M4/36H01M4/02H01M10/42
CPCH01M4/134H01M4/1395H01M4/366H01M4/386H01M4/625H01M10/0525H01M2004/021H01M2010/4292Y02E60/10H01M10/052C01B33/02C01B32/05C01P2004/80H01M2004/027
Inventor 彼得·吉格莱尔丽贝卡·伯恩哈德于尔根·施托雷尔
Owner WACKER CHEM GMBH
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