Method for improving strength and strain of polyurethane fibers

A polyurethane fiber and polyurethane technology, applied in the direction of single-component polyurethane artificial filament, fiber chemical characteristics, wet spinning method, etc., can solve the problems of increased breaking strength, insufficient mechanical properties of polyurethane fiber, and increased elongation at break. Achieve the effects of strength and strain enhancement, remarkable mechanical control performance, and low cost

Active Publication Date: 2019-09-13
WUHAN TEXTILE UNIV
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  • Abstract
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Problems solved by technology

The method is to modify the fiber by low-temperature corona irradiation and ammonium salt treatment after the fiber is formed, so that the ammonium ion in the ammonium salt is in the amino group between the macromolecules of the amorphous region of the polyurethane fiber and between the macromolecules of the polyurethane. The group forms a relatively stable hydrogen bond force to form a micro-crosslinked structure that can be strengthened. Although this method can increase the breaking strength by 60-150%, the elongation at break increases by 70-120% and the Young's modulus increases by 30-30%. 80% increased polyurethane fibers, but the mechanical properties of the prepared polyurethane fibers are still not excellent enough, and the prepared polyurethane fibers introduce a second phase substance, not pure polyurethane fibers

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  • Method for improving strength and strain of polyurethane fibers
  • Method for improving strength and strain of polyurethane fibers
  • Method for improving strength and strain of polyurethane fibers

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Embodiment 1

[0039]A method for improving polyurethane fiber strength and strain, comprising spinning solution preparation, coagulation bath preparation, spinning and post-treatment in the polyurethane fiber preparation process, described method is carried out according to the following steps:

[0040] (1) Preparation of polyurethane spinning solution

[0041] S1: Mix the following three types of solvents into a ternary mixed solvent according to the mass ratio. At room temperature, stir at a stirring speed of 200r / min for 10 minutes to obtain a mixed solvent system. The proportions are as follows:

[0042] Mass fraction of poor solvent for polyurethane: 5% to 45%;

[0043] The mass fraction of N,N-dimethylformamide: 30% to 90%;

[0044] The mass fraction of the solvent whose polarity is lower than that of N,N-dimethylformamide: 5%-30%.

[0045] S2: Polyurethane prepolymer according to the mass ratio: mixed solvent = 30%: 70% ~ 40%: 60% Weigh the polyurethane prepolymer, add the ternary ...

Embodiment 2-8

[0061] The mass fraction is as shown in Table 1 Toluene and N, N-dimethylformamide compounded as toluene, N, N-dimethylformamide and dioxane compounded as a ternary mixed solvent, Then, the polyester polyurethane prepolymer with a mass fraction ratio of 30%:70% was mechanically stirred with a ternary mixed solvent for 2.5 hours, and then vacuum defoamed to prepare a polyurethane spinning solution. Wherein, the stirring temperature is 25° C., and the stirring rate is 700 rpm.

[0062] The mass fraction ratio is 95%: 5% deionized water and ethylene glycol are compounded, and after stirring evenly, a coagulation bath is prepared, wherein the conductivity of the deionized water is 16MΩ cm, and the coagulation bath temperature is 40°C.

[0063] After the polyurethane spinning liquid is extruded through spinneret holes of different diameters, it is immersed in a coagulation bath for 20s, and then the incompletely formed polyurethane fibers are subjected to a 0.8-fold drafting treatm...

Embodiment 9-12

[0070] Embodiment 9-12 is according to the composition of the ternary solvent in Table 3, with the mass fraction ratio being 40%: 50%: 10% compounding ternary mixed solvent, then the mass fraction ratio is 30%: 70% polyester type Polyurethane prepolymer and ternary mixed solvent were mechanically stirred for 2.5 hours, and then vacuum defoamed to prepare polyurethane spinning solution. Wherein, the stirring temperature is 25° C., and the stirring rate is 700 rpm.

[0071] The mass fraction ratio is 95%: 5% deionized water and ethylene glycol are compounded, and after stirring evenly, a coagulation bath is prepared, wherein the conductivity of the deionized water is 16MΩ cm, and the coagulation bath temperature is 40°C.

[0072] After the polyurethane spinning liquid is extruded through spinneret holes of different diameters, it is immersed in a coagulation bath for 20s, and then the incompletely formed polyurethane fibers are subjected to a 0.8-fold drafting treatment, and fin...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for improving strength and strain of polyurethane fibers, and belongs to the technical field of fiber materials. The method comprises the following steps: mixing a poor organic solvent and a good organic solvent of polyurethane to obtain a mixed solvent system; dissolving polyurethane in the mixed solvent by combination of an immersion precipitation method and a solvent evaporation method, extruding the mixture through spinneret holes with different pore diameters, immersing a product in coagulating bath to obtain incompletely formed polyurethane fibers, and performing multiple drafting and heating treatment forming on the basis to form a polyurethane fiber product with high strength and high strain. The polyurethane forming solvent system is optimally designed, strength and strain of pure polyurethane fibers are simultaneously enhanced by phase transformation caused by combination of the immersion precipitation method and the solvent evaporation method, strength of the polyurethane fibers prepared with the method can be increased by 850% at the maximum, and the strain can be increased by 340% at the maximum. The preparation method has the advantages of simple process equipment, lower cost and remarkable mechanical regulation and control performance on the polyurethane fibers.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fiber material preparation, in particular to a method for improving the strength and strain of polyurethane fibers. Background technique [0002] Polyurethane (Polyurethane) refers to a polymer containing carbamate groups in the main chain. The strong polar groups and polyether or polyester flexible segments contained in the polyurethane molecule make it have high strength, good high elasticity, and wear resistance. Excellent properties such as chemical resistance, solvent resistance, water resistance, fatigue resistance and energy absorption, are widely used in textiles, national defense, transportation, sports, construction and other related fields in various forms and structures, and play a very important role in the national economy. status. At present, the primary application of polyurethane is in the textile field, and the application forms are mainly divided into two types: fiber and coating. Pol...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): D01F6/70D01F6/78D01F11/08D01D1/02D01D5/06
CPCD01F6/70D01F6/78D01F11/08D01D1/02D01D5/06
Inventor 张春华刘欣王云李晨张科夏良君徐卫林
Owner WUHAN TEXTILE UNIV
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